**4. Concluding remarks**

Glycosidases are widely applied in the production of nondigestible oligosaccharides presenting easy-handed processes with high efficiency. The application of molecular biology tools to produce enzymes with new characteristics has increased the yield and productivity of NDOs. The immobilization of the enzymes and application of membrane and batch reactors are also highlighted for improvements in the production processes. Nowadays alternative substrates have been used frequently in co-products and by-products from food and agroindustry. This approach can lead to a decrease in the cost of the process and help in the correct management of these residues.
