Preface

Chapter 7 **Natural Products as a Potential Enzyme Inhibitors from**

Chapter 8 **Microbial Glycosidases for Nondigestible Oligosaccharides**

Chapter 9 **Inhibitors and Activators of SOD, GSH‐Px, and CAT 207** Xianyong Ma, Dun Deng and Weidong Chen

Chapter 10 **Enzyme Dynamic in Plant Nutrition Uptake and Plant**

Thais Bezerra, Rubens Monti, Egon B. Hansen and Jonas Contiero

Metin Turan, Emrah Nikerel, Kerem Kaya, Nurgul Kitir, Adem Gunes, Negar Ebrahim Pour Mokhtari, Şefik Tüfenkçi, M. Rüştü Karaman

**Medicinal Plants 165** Abdur Rauf and Noor Jehan

**Section 2 Enzyme Activation 179**

**VI** Contents

**Production 181**

**Nutrition 225**

Olga D. Lopina

and K. Mesut ÇİMRİN

Chapter 11 **Enzyme Inhibitors and Activators 243**

Enzymes are biological catalysts that can catalyze specific reactions with 100% efficiency. The substances that affect the activity of enzymes are called moderators. If a moderator re‐ duces the activity of the enzyme and stops it completely, the inhibitor is called the activator if it increases the activity of the enzyme. Types of inhibition are divided into two main groups: reversible inhibition and irreversible inhibition. Reversible inhibition is itself classi‐ fied as competitive, uncompetitive, and noncompetitive.

Many molecules are enzyme inhibitors or activators, so their discovery and improvement are an active area of research in biochemistry, pharmacology, toxicology, molecular biology, etc. Medicinal enzyme inhibitors or activators are often judged by their specificity and their poten‐ cy. In the last few decades, years of discovery of specific enzyme inhibitors or activators have received great attention due to their potential to be used in pharmacological applications.

This book titled *Enzyme Inhibitors and Activators* contains a selection of chapters focused on the research area of enzyme inhibitors or activators, enzyme-catalyzed biotransformation, usage of microbial enzymes, enzymes associated with programmed cell death, natural prod‐ ucts as potential enzyme inhibitors, protease inhibitors from plants in insect pest manage‐ ment, peptidases, and renin-angiotensin system. The book provides an overview on basic issues and some of the recent developments in medicinal science and technology. Especially, emphasis is devoted to both experimental and theoretical aspect of modern medicine. The primary target audience for the book includes students, researchers, chemists, molecular bi‐ ologists, medical doctors, pharmacologists, and professionals who are interested in associat‐ ed areas.

The textbook is written by international scientists with expertise in biochemistry, enzymolo‐ gy, molecular biology, and genetics, many of which are active in biochemical and pharmaco‐ logical research. I would like to acknowledge the authors for their contribution to the book. We hope that the textbook will enhance the knowledge of scientists in the complexities of some medical approaches; it will stimulate both professionals and students to dedicate part of their future research in understanding relevant mechanisms and applications.

I would like to thank my wife Esra and my son Yusuf Fatih for their support in the design of the book.

> **Dr. Murat Şentürk** Associate Professor of Biochemistry, Ağri İbrahim Çeçen University, Turkey

**Section 1**
