**6. Caveats of ibuprofen use**

Ibuprofen treatment is inexpensive and readily available over the counter. Yet, its use should be limited to short-term treatments (we have tested only up to 8 weeks). Ibuprofen medication may inhibit skeletal muscle hypertrophy and adaptation [42, 84–86], although a more recent study shows no effect of ibuprofen on muscle hypertrophy [43]. Long-term use of ibuprofen-related NSIADs could increase gastrointestinal bleeding, renal toxicity, risk of myocardial infarction, and hypertension [87, 88]. NSAIDs are also not always successful for long-term treatment of pain and dysfunction [16], similar to our results with reflexive grip strength.
