**3. Mental disorders, work and cost**

With regard to mental disorders in working population, three big groups of patients can be recognized. The first group of employees is the ones who have work-related mental health problems, while the second one has similar problems that are not work-related. Workplace is of great importance to both groups because of their rehabilitation process. The third group includes the unemployed suffering from mental disorders for a longer period of time, but it is also important to integrate them in the working process [11].

"European Pact for Mental Health and Well-being of 2008" gives workplace a central role underlying the necessity for improvement in workplace setting by creating a good work environment to contribute to mental health well-being by including reconciliation of work and family life, introducing stress prevention program at work, promoting health at workplace and support to employment, rehabilitation and return to work of employees with mental problems and mental ill health [12]. Luxembourg Declaration points out the importance of workplace health promotion since a considerable number of population spend significant amount of time at work. To an individual being employed is an indicator of a social status, life satisfaction and sense of purpose which contributes to a person's health. There are algorithms for workplace health protection and promotion that can be used for employee's [13]. Occupational medicine specialist as a physician who does preventive health check-ups [14] can discover acute problems and address them, demand intervention at an individual or group level and implementation of efficient measures of monitoring and checking up [15]. In the Benelux Union and France, occupational medicine specialist has legal duty to annually analyse psychosocial risks [16].

To which extent a good communication, promotion at work and praise, positive attitude to work and colleagues as well as the feeling of giving (in one word well-being) contribution to the organization business are important is illustrated by the fact that employees who do not have positive attitude towards work and colleagues spend 3.5 days longer on sick leave every year. It is particularly important to emphasize that only 56% employees consider their income to be main motive for work, and it is stimulation only when 26% above the average [17]. The results of the survey showed that only 20% people successfully solved the problem if deconcentrated by offensive remarks or disturbed in some other manner, while 80% solved the same task if positively stimulated and praised. Humour at work reduces stress and improves the feel-good factor closer connecting the working community. Bad relationship in the workplace caused depression in 30% individuals [10].

"*GreenPaper*" of European commission–improving the mental health of the population– towards a strategy on mental health for the European Union of 2005 claims that mental health costs the EU an estimated 3–4% of GDP, mainly through lost work productivity. Furthermore, up to 28% of employees in Europe report stress at work [18]. The fact that mental health and the mental health-related problems affect 38.2% of European population every year illustrates how serious public health problem it is [19].

The Fourth European Working Conditions survey (Eurofound, 2007) found that work-related stress alone affects more than 40 million individuals across the European Union, costing estimated Ĩ 20 billion a year in lost time and health bills; it is the most commonly reported causes of occupational illness by workers [20].

Studies show profitability in investing funds in reduction stressrisk at work. For each invested Euro in reduction, from 0.81 to 13.62 Euros are returned to the investor [21]. The research results from 2013 submitted to the US Congress emphasize that the return of the invested money in stress reduction is even higher in the second and the third years after the investment [22].
