*4.2.1. Electroencephalography*

This is a noninvasive electrophysiological technique which analyze the electrical signals or ionic current within the neurons of the brain. Any abnormalities or functional changes in the brain cause change in neural oscillation or brain waves over a period of time which can be detected [11]. The pattern of the waves in an electroencephalogram signifies the specific type of seizure or viral infection [12]. Despite its low resolution, it is still used as one of the pioneer diagnostic tool. This method consumes several hours for complete detection of the pathogen.

#### *4.2.2. Neurological examinations*

HME may cause partial or complete impairment of the brain and the sensory system in the patient. Therefore, physician carries out neurological examinations to confirm the infection. Neurological examination is carried out through series of tests to detect neurological disorders, mental status, strengths of sensation, and behavioral changes. Simple instruments like forks, reflex hammer, or small pins are used by the physicians to detect the strength of the neurological response. But this test is nonspecific and misleading because it cannot discriminate between HME and meningocephalitis due to other causes.
