**Author details**

Pauliana Lamounier

Address all correspondence to: paulilamounier@yahoo.com.br

Centro de Reabilitação e Readaptação Dr Henrique Santillo—CRER, Goiânia, GO, Brazil

## **References**


Surgery (AAO-HNS) and theKorean Balance Society. Acta Otorrinolaringológica Española. 2016;**67**(1):1-7

[5] Mateijsen DJM, Van Hengel PWJ, Van Huffelen WM, Wit HP, Albers FWJ. Pure-tone and speech audiometry in patients with Meniere's disease. Clinical Otolaryngology. 2001;**26**:379-387

Tsuji et al. reported that although MD affected the structure and function of type II hair cells, the density and number of type I hair cells appeared unchanged in patients with MD [46].

Maire and van Melle showed that, in early stages of MD, VOR gain was higher when the patient was rotated toward the affected ear, but this observed enhancement diminished as the

McCaslin et al. presented three cases of patients with Ménière's disease with asymptomatic vestibular dysfunction demonstrated with videonystagmography (VNG) testing, which provided a quantitative measure of VOR gain. The authors found a dissociation between the caloric test and VHIT results, and they explained these findings by understanding the different dynamic response properties of the two primary populations of neurons in the crista [40]. The assessment of cochlear function with audiometry, EcochG and CHAMP, of the saccule through cervical VEMP, of the utricle through ocular VEMP, of the lateral semicircular canal with the caloric tests, and all of the semicircular canals by the vHIT demonstrates the advancements of research in the vestibular diagnosis. New paths are open to the discovery of the pathophysiological mechanism of a disease that was first described over a century ago

disease progressed [47].

94 Up to Date on Meniere's Disease

**Author details**

Pauliana Lamounier

**References**

and still has no defined treatment protocol.

Address all correspondence to: paulilamounier@yahoo.com.br

Otology, Rhinology, and Laryngology. 1987;**96**:438-445

Centro de Reabilitação e Readaptação Dr Henrique Santillo—CRER, Goiânia, GO, Brazil

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[4] Escamez JAL, Carey J, Chung WH, Goebel JA, Magnusson M, Mandala M, et al. Diagnostic criteria for Menière's disease. Consensus document of the Bárány Society, The Japan Society for Equilibrium Research, the European Academy of Otology and Neurotology (EAONO), the American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck


[31] Wen MH, Cheng PW, Young YH. Augmentation of ocular vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials via bone-conducted vibration stimuli in Meniere disease. Otolaryngology– Head and Neck Surgery: Official Journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery. 2012;**146**(5):797-803

[17] Chung WH, Cho DY, Choi JY, Hong SH. Clinical usefulness of extratympanic electrocochleography in the diagnosis of Ménière's disease. Otology & Neurotology. 2004;**25**:

[18] Devaiah AK, Dawson KL, Ferraro JA, Ator GA. Utility of area curve ratio electrocochleography in early Meniere disease. Archives of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck

[19] Gibson WP. A comparison of two methods of using transtympanic electrocochleography for the diagnosis of Meniere's disease: Click summating potential/action potential ratio measurements and toneburst summating potential measurements. Acta Oto-Laryngologica.

[20] Conlon BJ, Gibson WP. Electrocochleography in the diagnosis of Meniere's disease. Acta

[21] Lopes KC, Munhoz MSL, Santos MAR, Moraes MFD, Chaves AG. A medida angular gráfica como parâmetro de avaliação da eletrococleografia. Brazilian Journal of

[22] Rosengren SM, Welgampola MS, Colebatch JG. Vestibular evoked myogenic potentials:

[23] Egami N, Ushio M, Yamasoba T, Yamaguchi T, Murofushi T,Iwasaki S. The diagnostic value of vestibular evoked myogenic potentials in patients with Ménière's disease.

[24] Ribeiro S, Almeida RR, Caovilla HH, Ganança MM. Dos potenciais evocados miogênicos vestibulares nas orelhas comprometida e assintomática na Doença de Ménière unilat-

[25] Young YH, Huang TW, Cheng PW. Assessing the stage of Ménière's disease using vestibular evoked myogenic potentials. Archives of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck

[26] Duarte PLS. Avaliação dos Potenciais Evocados Miogênicos Vestibulares e Eletrococleografia no diagnóstico da Doença de Ménière. Brasília: Universidade de Brasília; 2015

[27] Kuo SW, Yang TH, Young YH. Changes in vestibular evoked myogenic potentials after Meniere attacks. The Annals of Otology, Rhinology, and Laryngology. 2005;**114**(9):717-721

[28] Weber KP, Rosengren SM. Clinical utility of ocular vestibular-evoked myogenic poten-

[29] Huang CH, Wang SJ, Young YH. Localization and prevalence of hydrops formation in Meniere's disease using a test battery. Audiology & Neuro-Otology. 2011;**16**(1):41-48 [30] Taylor RL, Wijewardene AA, Gibson WP, Black DA, Halmagyi GM, Welgampola MS. The vestibular evoked-potential profile of Meniere's disease. Clinical Neurophysiology: Official Journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology. 2011;**122**(6):

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