**5.3.58 Phthalazine**

18 Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

It is currently evaluated in a phase IV study (NCT00614926) for the treatment of fatigue in

The µ opioid receptor antagonist naloxone did not show a benefit in ALS patients (Silani et

The cholinesterase inhibitor did not show a benefit in ALS patients (Aquilonius et al.,

The calcium channel antagonist nimodipine showed no beneficial effect in a clinical trail in

NP001 is a small molecule regulator of macrophage activation, which aims at restoring the neuroprotective state of macrophages, reducing inflammation, and normalizing the

NP001 has been tested in a phase I trial (NCT01091142) for safety and tolerability. It is

Olanzapine is an atypic neuroleptic drug used in psychiatry for the treatment of schizophrenia and other psychoses. One of its effects is also weight gain. In ALS patients, an involuntary weight loss of more than 10 percent of the original body weight correlates with an increased mortality. Thus treatment with olanzapine might increase the body weight, or,

Currently, olanzapine is evaluated in a phase II/III study (NCT00876772) in ALS

Olesoxime is a neuroprotective agent with a cholesterol-like structure which is thought to

Currently, olesoxime is evaluated in a phase II/III trial (NCT00868166) as add-on to riluzole

The metal ion chelating agent penicillamine did not show a benefit in ALS patients (Conradi

Pentoxifylline is an anti-apoptotic drug. It has been tested in a riluzole add-on phase II clinical trial, which did not show efficacy, but increased mortality (Meininger et al.,

currently evaluated in a subsequent phase II clinical trial (NCT01281631).

act at the mitochondrial membrane (Bordet et al., 2010; Martin, 2010).

and a phase II/III safety extension study (NCT01285583).

ALS patients.

al., 1983).

1986).

**5.3.50 Naloxone** 

**5.3.51 Neostigmine** 

**5.3.52 Nimodipine** 

**5.3.54 Olanzapine** 

at least, keep it constant.

**5.3.56 Penicillamine** 

**5.3.57 Pentoxifylline** 

et al., 1982).

2006).

**5.3.55 Olesoxime (TRO19622)** 

patients.

**5.3.53 NP001** 

ALS patients (Miller et al., 1996).

neuronal microenvironment.

The inhibitor of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) phosphodiesterase and cyclic guanine monophosphate (cGMP) phosphodiesterase phthalazinol did not show a benefit in ALS patients (Engel & Brooks, 1980).
