**Acknowledgements**

Financial support from the Turkish Scientific and Technical Research Council (Project No: 7130643) through YETSAN Radiator Co. Inc. is greatly appreciated.

#### **Nomenclature**



#### **Subscripts**

**Acknowledgements**

258 Heat Exchangers– Design, Experiment and Simulation

interfacial area density

*C*<sup>F</sup> form-drag coefficient

*HTC* heat transfer coefficient *IAD* interfacial area density *Ic* inertial coefficient *J* diffusion flux

*k* thermal conductivity

*Sh* enthalpy source term

*α* permeability of porous domain

*l* pipe length *Q* heat transfer

*T* temperature *V* average velocity *Vc* viscous coefficient Δ*<sup>p</sup>* pressure drop

*γ* porosity

ρ density *τ* shear stress stress tensor *l* pipe length

*μ* dynamic viscosity effective viscosity

*t* time

*C*<sup>2</sup> inertial coefficient of porous domain

ℎ heat transfer coefficient for the fluid/solid interface

**Nomenclature**

*Bf* body force

*E* total energy *h* enthalpy

Financial support from the Turkish Scientific and Technical Research Council (Project No:

7130643) through YETSAN Radiator Co. Inc. is greatly appreciated.

