**Author details**

Abubaker Hassan Hamad1\*, Khawla Salah Khashan2 and Aseel Abdulkreem Hadi2

\*Address all correspondence to: abubaker.hamad75@yahoo.co.uk

1 General Science Department, Faculty of Education, Soran University, Soran City, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq

2 Division of Laser physics, Department of Applied Science, University of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq
