**3. Conclusion**

Given that the livestock industry has become an integral part of world economy and a large number of dairy cattle are being imported between countries, in order to meet an increasing demand of meat and dairy products, it is essential to review current status of bovine BTBDs and to identify diagnosis and prevention in the knowledge of BTBDs and their control. Although there has been a recent increase in the number of studies of BTBDs in various regions and facilities, information on their prevalence, distribution, tick vectors and control is limited. This chapter provides a brief background on key bovine BTBDs and ticks and reviews the general aspects of bovine BTBDs to identify gaps in knowledge and understanding of these diseases, propose areas for future research and draw attention to the need for improved tools for the diagnosis and control of BTBDs.
