*3.3.3. District Badin*

Badin district is a part of Lower Indus plain formed by the alluvial deposits of the Indus River. General elevation of the district is about 50 m above sea level that is lowest for the communities lying along the coastline. The southern part of the district is close to the delta of the river Indus and the land surface is, therefore, relatively low as compared to the northern half. The eastern part of the district is connected with the sand dunes of Tharparkar district. The degree of slope in Badin is negligible; the district is bounded on the north by Hyderabad district, on the east by Mirpur Khas and Tharparkar districts, on the south by Rann of Kutch, which also forms the international boundary with India, and on the west, it is bounded by Thatta and Hyderabad districts (**Figure 11**).

**Figure 11.** Boundaries of Coastal District Badin outlined in red.

In the surveyed villages, there are no TV sets, radio sets, and 2–3 mobile phone sets per household are available. Early warning signals are usually broadcasted and received on radio sets (two of which were provided by WWF‐Pakistan and two by National Rural Support

**Figure 10.** Women collecting partly sweat water from the creek for drinking and household purposes at Rohro Creek

The primary occupation in the region is fishing. Residents in Yousuf Goth rely on a big pond for drinking water that is filled from the Indus River during the period of June–July and for next 4–5 months whereas in Rohro creek 8 hand pumps have been installed by WWF‐Pakistan

Rohro creek has a relatively high literacy rate of 30% of the population, while in Yousuf Goth five persons can read and write among 180 households. Training by WWF‐Pakistan led a few

Badin district is a part of Lower Indus plain formed by the alluvial deposits of the Indus River. General elevation of the district is about 50 m above sea level that is lowest for the communities lying along the coastline. The southern part of the district is close to the delta of the river Indus

families in Rohro Creek to reduce their risk of flooding by elevating their homes.

Detailed information of the surveyed villages is tabulated in **Tables 1** and **2**.

in 2014 making access to clean water easy for the villagers (**Figure 10**).

Programme).

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near Kharochhan city

*3.3.3. District Badin*

The following two communities were selected from district Badin: (a) Peer Sheikh Krio and (b) Goth Ramzan Sheikh.

Peer Sheikh Krio Bario village is located about 0.5 km from the coast. It is 2 hours travel away main city and the road leading to the city is only half way paved. The village is deprived of any health facility. Twenty of 400 residents are literate and one graduated from University of Jamshoro. Fishing remains a predominant profession in the village. A large pond that fills up during rainy season is used for drinking water (**Figure 12**).

**Figure 12.** Access road to Pir Sheikh Kario Bandari Goth, UC Bhugra Memon, Badin.

For early warning signaling, the coast guard post is located on the Darya Khan Bridge couple of miles away. Television sets are available in two of the households and are used to watch Sindhi news on local channels like KTN. Electricity is not available through national grid and solar panels provided by various NGOs are used to recharge cellular phone and torch batteries.

Basic facilities in the Goth Ramzan Sheikh and in nearby area are lacking including education, access to clean drinking water, and communication. There is a government school building in the village that caters to 150 students with a staff of 4. Since the school is relatively new, only school‐going children in the area are being educated. The residents get water from canals in the area, which is also used for drinking purposes.

There is not an early warning system in the area. However, there is potential for one. The residents use a TV on a generator and have adequate access to cellular services. Additionally, they use mobile phone to remain updated with current affairs.

### *3.3.4. District Gwadar*

The district Gwadar, with its 600 km long coast line and un‐irrigated tracts of Kulanch and Dasht valleys, is located immediately adjacent to the shipping lanes to and from the Persian Gulf. The 15,216 sq.kms district area is surrounded by Kech and Awaran districts on north and northeast, Awaran and Lasbela districts on east, the Arabian Sea on south and on the west by Iranian territory Sistan.

Jamshoro. Fishing remains a predominant profession in the village. A large pond that fills up

during rainy season is used for drinking water (**Figure 12**).

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**Figure 12.** Access road to Pir Sheikh Kario Bandari Goth, UC Bhugra Memon, Badin.

the area, which is also used for drinking purposes.

*3.3.4. District Gwadar*

they use mobile phone to remain updated with current affairs.

For early warning signaling, the coast guard post is located on the Darya Khan Bridge couple of miles away. Television sets are available in two of the households and are used to watch Sindhi news on local channels like KTN. Electricity is not available through national grid and solar panels provided by various NGOs are used to recharge cellular phone and torch batteries.

Basic facilities in the Goth Ramzan Sheikh and in nearby area are lacking including education, access to clean drinking water, and communication. There is a government school building in the village that caters to 150 students with a staff of 4. Since the school is relatively new, only school‐going children in the area are being educated. The residents get water from canals in

There is not an early warning system in the area. However, there is potential for one. The residents use a TV on a generator and have adequate access to cellular services. Additionally,

The district Gwadar, with its 600 km long coast line and un‐irrigated tracts of Kulanch and Dasht valleys, is located immediately adjacent to the shipping lanes to and from the Persian

**Figure 13.** Access to Sonth Village near Basool River, Tehsil Ormara, District Gwadar.

The following two communities were selected from Tehsil Ormara in district Gwadar: (a) Sirki village and (b) Sonth village. Both villages are far from the coastal highway and can be accessed by four‐wheel drive in two hours. Both villages, because they adjoin the shore, can also be reached by seagoing boats. Electricity is not available through national grid, nor are there telephone connections by wire. The GSM network is also very limited and partially available at certain locations (**Figure 13**).

The area has rudimentary communication services. The residents sometimes get access to Zong as a cellular service and also use radio to listen to news. There are no other means of commu‐ nication available to facilitate an early warning system. Fishing remains a primary source of income in this village. People rely on a water well that is located far from the village for clean drinking water.

Sonth villages have an abundant supply of water from the river. They also often dig wells in the ground, up to 4–6 feet to access freshwater, whereas in Sirki village, for drinking water, villagers usually purchase a 30 liters tank of water at a price of PKR 50 (US\$ 0.5) (**Figure 14**).

**Figure 14.** View of Sirki Village UC Basool, Tehsil Ormar, District Gwadar.

There is no electricity available in the village, but most households depend on solar panels for lighting and for charging mobile phones' batteries. Zong is the only mobile network whose signals are occasionally available in the region. There are radio sets present in almost every household and people listen to news broadcasted on BBC Urdu and FM Gwadar.
