*2.2.3. Tsunami major disaster effects*

One of the major disaster effects that require an especial attention is the environmental damage at the coastal area due to transportation of sediments and debris from ocean to coast and vice versa. For example, during 2004 Sumatra tsunami, the sediment transport and coastal subsi‐ dence associated with the tsunamis had a major impact on urban communities and also in ecosystems. Unfortunately, these types of impact have not been adequately studied because they may have long-term effects both on environment and on the regional economy.
