**V2G Services for Renewable Integration**

Mahmoud Ghofrani, Eric Detert, Negar Niromand Hosseini, Amirsaman Arabali, Nicholas Myers and Phasith Ngin

Additional information is available at the end of the chapter

http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/64433

#### **Abstract**

With the proliferation of renewable energy sources (RES) and the growing consumer demand for plug-in hybrid (PHEV) and total electric vehicles (EV), the limitations of the aging electrical grid distribution infrastructure is becoming more and more apparent. The development of better infrastructure, therefore, is at the forefront of research. The development of a smart grid, a bidirectional distribution infrastructure, will allow for two-way "communication" of power distributors and aggregators with multiple smart platforms, such as smart buildings, homes, and vehicles. The focus of this chapter is to outline the means of (electrical) vehicle to (smart) grid (V2G) interactions and how attaining a synergistic relationship is vital to improving the way power is distributed. The ability of fleets of EVs to act as a unit for excess power storage allows for the increased integration of RES into existing grid infrastructure and smart grids in the future through the bidirectional communication; providing support, giving back stored power into the grid to lessen the load felt by generation utilities, augment stochastic RES when generation is not meeting demands, lowering costs for both sellers and buyers, and above all, working toward the betterment of Earth.

**Keywords:** electric vehicles, renewable energy, vehicle-to-grid, optimization, smart grid
