**10. Conclusions**

Meningiomas were classically considered benign tumors. However, according to the new WHO classification, the proportion of more aggressive variants has steeply increased and thus the management has become more challenging. Surgery represents the mainstay of the treatment and a complete resection may be considered curative in WHO grade I meningio‐ mas. However, neurosurgeons have often to deal with the risk of postoperative neurological morbidities and the role of adjuvant treatments, such as radiotherapy and chemotherapy, after subtotal resection or after the pathological confirmation of WHO grade II or III meningio‐ mas, is actually being defined. A huge literature dealing with adjuvant radiotherapy and new cytostatic agents is developing, with the aim of obtaining an optimal long-term control. Up to now, treatments are empirically based and many hopes reside in new prospective and randomized controlled trials to better define the role of each therapeutic strategy and the best way to combine them.
