**4.4. Autosomal single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) typing**

Single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have a lower heterozygosis when compared to STRs. The advantage of SNP typing consists in the fact that the DNA template size can be as large as 50 bp, compared to the STRs which need the DNA template size of 300 bp, to obtain a good STR profiling [19].

Due to this, the SNPs became important tools in analyzing degraded samples. Thus in 2001, SNP typing was used in identifying the victims from the World Trade Center disaster [20, 21]. Related to the use of SNP analysis in degraded biological samples, the European Network of Forensic Science Institutes (ENFSI) and the US FBI Scientific Working Group on DNA Methods (SWGDAM) are working on recommendations regarding the standardization of the SNPs [22].
