*3.8.1. Screening of breast cancer*

*3.4.3. Fire security by IR-based technologies*

sciences to identify counterfeit food products.

application in forensic sciences.

**3.6. Usage of IR-based technologies in forestry sector**

**3.7. Other non-medical uses of IR-based technologies**

collapsed because of an earthquake or structural problems.

**3.5. Usage of IR-based technologies in agricultural inspection**

determining the cause of fire.

104 Forensic Analysis - From Death to Justice

Most industrial fires occur from electrical short circuits. An important application of the IR imaging technique has been defined as the inspection of high-voltage installations, which cannot be easily accessed because of the high risk [14]. This technique is one method for

NIR applications, especially NIR spectroscopy, have been used for the analysis of forages and feedstuffs, small grain crops, oilseeds and coarse grain, coffee, tea, spices, medicinal plants, aromatic plants, and related products, fruits and vegetables, sugarcane, cereal food products, baking products, beverages and brewing products, fats and oils, dairy and eggs, meats, timber and paper, animal by-products, wool, cotton and soils [33]. NIR spectroscopy has been used to evaluate the parameters for estimating the maturity of different fruit species, check the ripening status of fruits on trees or grade fruits in the packing house, assess fruit quality, such as sugar and acid contents, soluble solids, firmness of fruit, decide when to harvest and select the quality and suitable seeds in breeding programs [34]. This technique is used in forensic

The applications of NIR Spectroscopy have been used for the non-destructive quantitative analysis of the solid wood density, the moisture condition and the lignin content in the bulky wood of trees, to predict the stage of decay of decomposing leaves and for biosecurity inspection [34]. Investigations of allegations of illegal tree cutting may take advantage of this

In the construction sector, IR imaging has been used for the thermal assessment of buildings, such as the determination of the requirements of ground insulation, the evaluation of the adequacy of isolations, the evaluation of the humidity level of buildings and the detection of hot and cold air entered or exited outside from doors and windows. It is a screening tool used to determine the durability of buildings [35]. In forensic sciences, this method provides a significant contribution to the determination of building durability in the case of buildings that

IR imaging is an important application for electrical engineers. Electric current that passes through the resistance element generates heat. Thus, electrical engineers may determine incorrect connections, internal damages, high resistance connections, corroded connections, oxidation, internal fuse damage, internal circuit breaker failures, high-voltage switch failures and insulation faults in an electrical circuit. The determination of engine warming via IR IRT was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in 1982 as an auxiliary diagnostic method for breast cancer screening. It has been reported that abnormal findings in IRT indicate 10 times more cancer risk compared with family history. In this illness, the rate of early diagnosis is 95% with a multifocal medical approach, which includes physical examination, IRT and mammography findings [37].
