**Author details**

The puckering phenomena were observed after all welding processes with stainless steel conductive yarns where thinner welding tapes are used, **Figure 17** [30]. The stainless steel yarn is stiffer with higher twisting ratio and weight in comparison of PA‐coated silver yarns. To sum up, the visual appearance of the welded transmission lines mainly depends on the selected conductive yarn properties and textile materials for layers rather than the selected welding

Today, the textiles materials are involved almost in all areas of products. We require from the textile products special features and high functional utility, which include water permeability, resistance to pressure, wear and tear or seams, air permeability, and aesthetic appearance. For more demanding products, such as inflatable boats, protective and sports clothing, etc., the traditional sewing methods no longer meet the technical requirements for joining the garment parts nor the aesthetic appearance of the products. The textiles materials, methods, machinery, and adhesives necessary for the heat joining such as fusing and hot air welding apparel seams

In comparison with the hot air welding, the fusing technology has much longer tradition. In fact, the main purpose of fusing is to improve the aesthetic appearance of a garment, as well as to simplify the garment manufacturing process. Further, hot air welding represents today a significant competition to the traditional sewing and becomes one of the most important technologies in the production of various functional and nonconventional textiles. It will be even more important in the future. The hot air welding provides faster production, low waste material, and it is energy‐efficient, therefore it is expected that the merged parts in textile end‐

Besides fusing and hot air welding for seamlessly joining the textile materials, we can also use other welding techniques, such as laser, ultrasound, warm air, and high‐frequency welding. The selection of a welding technique depends on the function of the final product, type of material used, and the desired quality of welded joints. To summarize, welding of textile materials has a significant potential for manufacturing of textile products of the future.

The study, described in this chapter, relates to the project, which has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Sklodowska‐Curie grant agreement no. 644268, project title: Welding of E‐Textiles for Inter‐

are today more and more involved in the commercial market.

products should completely meet the users' expectations.

parameters.

238 Joining Technologies

**7. Conclusions**

**Acknowledgements**

active Clothing‐E‐TexWeld.

Simona Jevšnik1\*, Savvas Vasiliadis2 , Senem Kurson Bahadir3 , Dragana Grujić<sup>4</sup> and Zoran Stjepanovič<sup>5</sup>

\*Address all correspondence to: simonajevsnik@gmail.com

1 Inlas d.o.o., Slovenske Konjice, Slovenia

2 Piraeus University of Applied Sciences (TEI Piraeus), Department of Textile Engineering, Athens, Greece

3 Faculty of Textile Technologies and Design, İstanbul, Turkey

4 University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Technology, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzego‐ vina

5 University of Maribor, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Maribor, Slovenia
