Preface

Chapter 9 **Diffusion Bonding: Influence of Process Parameters and**

Thomas Gietzelt, Volker Toth and Andreas Huell

Chapter 11 **Magnetic Pulse Welding: An Innovative Joining Technology for**

T. Sapanathan, R. N. Raoelison, N. Buiron and M. Rachik

Simona Jevšnik, Savvas Vasiliadis, Senem Kurson Bahadir, Dragana

**Material Microstructure 195**

**VI** Contents

Grujić and Zoran Stjepanovič

Chapter 10 **Applying Heat for Joining Textile Materials 217**

**Similar and Dissimilar Metal Pairs 243**

Joining is one of the most important processes in manufacturing. This technology has vastly improved and is now extensively used in numerous industries. It is important because many products are impossible to be produced in a single piece and the cost of a product is cheaper when they are fabricated as many individual components prior to final assembly.

One of the advantages of joining is that the product can be disassembled for repairs. Joining technology can be classified into three main processes such as metallurgical process (weld‐ ing, soldering, brazing, heat application), mechanical processes (riveting, bolt and nut, screw, key), and chemical process (adhesion). This book, however, focuses on joining tech‐ nology involved with metallurgical process especially welding process and application of joining technique for textile materials.

This book is intended to share recent research and knowledge related to joining technology especially welding process. This book contains 11 chapters. Chapter 1 is an introduction to joining technology, it briefly explains the welding process and gives the overview of all top‐ ics covered in this book. Chapter 2 describes new approaches in joining of weld sheet alumi‐ num alloys using friction-stir welding (FSW), and Chapter 3 introduces a new approach to simulate friction-stir welding (FSW) process by smoothed-particle hydrodynamics (SPH). Chapters 4 and 5 are related to a method of controlling arc motion using the magnetic oscil‐ lation method of GTAW and development of a comprehensive two-dimensional model for GMAW using volume of fluid approaches, respectively.

Chapter 6 describes model approaches for temperature field and phase transformation anal‐ ysis of butt weld using arc welding. Chapter 7 discusses the uniqueness of laser and hybrid laser-arc welding on metals and its potential application in the industry. Chapter 8 explains various studies that have been conducted on joining between ceramic and metals as well as its challenges. Chapter 9 deals with the technology of diffusion for welding application.

Chapter 10 describes the potential uses of magnetic pulse welding in industries. It describes the magnetic pulse welding process, its potential application, its weldability on joining met‐ al as well as numerical simulation works on its interface behavior and multi-physics. Final‐ ly, Chapter 11 explores methods such as fusion, hot air, and hot wedge welding for joining textile product, basic knowledge and working principle of these technologies, as well as ap‐ plication opportunities.

We hope that the knowledge and updates of recent research achievements on joining tech‐ nology that we have shared in this book will be useful for researchers, engineers, students, and others that work in the joining-related area.

I would like to express my thanks to all authors who contribute their findings related to joining technology in this book. Without their expertise and contributions, this book could not have been compiled.

> **Dr. Mahadzir Ishak** Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Pahang, Malaysia

**Chapter 1**

**Introductory Chapter: A Brief Introduction to Joining**

Joining is an important process in a number of industries, such as aerospace, automotive, oil, and gas. Many products cannot be fabricated as a single piece, so components are fabricated first and assembled later. Joining technology can be classified as a liquid-solid-state process and mechanical means. Liquid-solid-state joining includes welding, brazing, soldering, and

Metal joining is a process that uses heat to melt or heat metal just below the melting tempera‐ ture. Joining metal by fusion is known as fusion welding. Without fusion, the process is known as solid-state welding. Fusion welding includes arc welding and laser welding, Whereas solidstate welding such as friction stir welding (FSW) where process occurred below the melting

Fusion welding is known as non-pressure welding, in which edge samples to be joined with the filler metal are heated above the melting points to create a weld pool and allow solidifica‐ tion. Gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) and gas metal arc welding (GMAW) are categorized under fusion welding. GTAW and GMAW are mostly used by the welder to weld both ferrous and non-ferrous metals. In fusion welding, inert gases, such as argon (Ar), helium (He), and carbon dioxide (CO2), are used for surrounding the electrode and molten metal from the welded metal. These inert gases will eliminate the formation of metal oxides and nitrides,

and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

© 2016 The Author(s). Licensee InTech. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution,

which can lower the ductility and toughness of the welded metal.

adhesive bonding. Mechanical joining includes fasteners, bolts, nuts, and screws.

**and Welding**

Mahadzir Ishak

**1. Introduction**

temperature.

**2. Fusion welding (arc welding)**

http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/64726

Additional information is available at the end of the chapter
