**4. Summary**

The surgery has gradually matured with the development of the modern excimer laser equipment and technology. Upgrading thermal control and ablation centration will achieve better corneal biomechanical results. We have reason to believe that a single excimer laser surgery would be the next breakthrough in refractive surgery, the next step toward the "perfection" of refractive surgery. Femtosecond laser advancements over the past two decades have brought revolutionary change in ophthalmic practice. It not only improves the safety and efficacy in corneal refractive surgery but also achieves remarkable advancement in the field of cataract surgery. Despite having certain limitations and complications, femtosecond lasers are promising in ophthalmology. Both excimer and femtosecond laser technology will serve for better human health as long as we apply it appropriately.
