**6. References**


• a low frequency receiver associated with an excitation of the medium via a mechanical shock in the case of very absorbent and scattering media. A second identical sensor is used for the synchronisation of the acquisitions thus reducing, by standardisation, the scattering of the values measured. The mechanical shock produces significant vibratory

• finally, the sensors were coupled to heat exchanger plates in order to characterise fouling. This work has shown the interest of using acoustic sensors to monitor processes, providing an often local and dynamic response to the evolution of the

The work carried out provides a solid base of knowledge on ultrasound-complex media interactions. This knowledge could be put to good use in the development of sensors and integrated ultrasonic methods and their applications in the analysis and monitoring of local

Aggarwal R. R., (1952a). Axially Symmetric Vibrations of a Finite Isotropic Disk. I, Journal of

Aggarwal R. R., (1952b). Axially Symmetric Vibrations of a Finite Isotropic Disk. II, Journal

Allsopp, M. W. (1981). The developement and importance of suspension PVC morphology,

Blevins R. D., (1979). Formulas for natural frequency and mode shape, Van Nostrand

Brekhovskikh, L.M., (1980). Waves in layered media, Academic Press, ISBN 0-12-130560-0,

Case, L. C. (1960). Molecular distributions in polycondensations involving unlike reactants.

Clerc, J. P. ; Giraud, G. ; Roussenq, J. ; Blanc, R. ; Carton, J.P. ; Guyon, E. ; Ottavi, H. &

Dalgleish, D. G. (1982). Developments in Dairy Chemistry, edited by P. F. Fox (Applied Science, London,), Vol. 1, Chap. 5, ISBN 0-8533-4142-7, London, United kingdom Dalgleish, D.G. (1993). Cheese: Chemistry, Physics and Microbiology, General Aspect, 2nd

De Gennes, P. G. (1989). Scaling Concepts in Polymer Physics, Cornell University Press,

Degertekin, F. L. & Khury-Yakub, B.T. (1996). Hertzian contact transducers for non-

Degertekin, F. L. & Khury-Yakub, B.T. (1996). Lamb wave excitation by Hertzian contacts

Degertekin, F. L. & Khury-Yakub, B.T. (1996). Single mode lamb wave excitation in thin plates by Hertzian contacts, Applied physics letters, Vol. 69, N°. 2, pp. 146-148

VII. Treatment of reactants involving nonindependent groups, Journal of polymer

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ed., Vol. 1, p. 69, Fox, P.F., Chapman & Hall, ISBN 0-1226-3652-X, London, United

destructive evaluation, Journal of acoustical society of America, Vol. 99, pp. 299-308

with applications in NDE. IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics Ferroelectrics and

acoustical society of America, Vol. 24, N0. 5, pp. 463-467

Pure an applied chemistry, Vol. 53, pp. 449-465.

Reinhold Co., ISBN 0-4422-0710-7, New York, USA

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Ithaca, ISBN 0-8014-1203-X, New York, USA

Frequency, Vol. 44, N°. 4, pp. 769-778

of acoustical society of America, Vol. 24, N°. 6, pp. 663-666

energy over a broad frequency range.

performances of the process.

New York, USA

kingdom.

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properties.

**6. References** 


**11** 

*USA* 

Ertan Ergezen et al.\*

**Modeling of Biological Interfacial Processes** 

*School of Biomedical Engineering, Health and Sciences, Drexel University, Philadelphia* 

Biological interfaces and accompanying interfacial processes constitute one of the most dynamic and expanding fields in science and technology such as biomaterials, tissue engineering, and biosensors. For example, in biomaterials, the bio-interfacial processes between biomaterials and surrounding tissue plays a crucial role in the biocompatibility of the layer (Werner, 2008). In tissue engineering, cellular adhesion plays an important role in the regulation of cell behavior, such as the control of growth and differentiation during development and the modulation of cell migration in wound healing, metastasis, and angiogenesis (Hong et al., 2006). Performance of a biosensor is highly dependent on interfacial processes involving the sensor sensing interface and a target analyte. Therefore, quantitative information on the novel and robust immobilization of detector molecules is

Thickness shear mode (TSM) sensors have been used in a variety of studies including interfacial biological processes, cells, tissue and properties of various proteins and their reaction (Cote et al., 2003). Phenomena such as cell adhesion (Soonjin et al., 2006.), superhydrophobicity (Sun et al., 2006, Roach et al., 2007), particle-surface interactions (Zhang et al.,2005), organic and inorganic particle manipulation (Desa et al., 2010) and rheological and interfacial properties of blood coagulation (Ergezen et al. 2007) were studied using TSM sensors. Due to the high interfacial sensitivity of TSM sensors, it has been shown that cell motility can be monitored by analyzing the noise of the TSM sensor response (Sapper et al., 2006). It has also been demonstrated that the number of motile sperm in a semen sample can be assessed in real-time using a flow-chamber integrated with a thickness

The TSM sensor response is affected by the complex nature of the interface. Its response is influenced by the geometrical and material properties of the interacting surfaces such as surface roughness (Cho et al., 2007), hydrophobicity (Ayad and Torad, 2009), interfacial

one the most important aspects of the biosensor field (Kroger et al., 1998).

**1.1 Quantification of Thickness Shear Mode (TSM) sensor response** 

Johann Desa, Matias Hochman, Robert Weisbein Hart, Qiliang Zhang, Sun Kwoun,

*School of Biomedical Engineering, Health and Sciences, Drexel University, Philadelphia* 

shear mode sensor (Newton et al., 2007).

Piyush Shah and Ryszard Lec

 \*

*USA*

**1. Introduction** 

**Using Thickness–Shear Mode Sensors** 

