**Acknowledgements**

monitoring and tracking. This new live TC tracking imagery will be added into the NRL‐MRY

**Figure 18.** Example of the multi‐satellite PMW sensor‐based TC track for 2014 West Pacific Typhoon Rammasun (09W).

TC is one of the most destructive weather phenomena. It is initiated in tropical oceans and has a lifecycle mostly over water surface with unique horizontal characteristics of eyewall, spiral convective zones, and a vertical warm core. Satellite remote sensing is the only way to provide complete observation and monitoring of the global TC activities. The GEO IR/VIS is very useful in monitoring TC activities but not in providing accurate estimates of the TC center locations and intensity. The LEO PMW sensors are better suited for detecting TC genesis, development, and structures because of their ability to measure the atmospheric profiles. TC structure and

Heavy precipitation is another important feature of TC activities. The abundance of TC rainfall is crucial to the drought‐impacted regions because even one TC precipitation process could lead to significant relief to the severe drought situation. However, the large amount of rainfall from TC activities is also one of TC's impacts for loss of human lives and property damages. The asymmetric property of TC rainfall makes it hard to predict TC rainfall distribution. Although accurate rainfall retrievals from PMV sensors and the modern TC rainfall prediction schemes have led to reasonable TC rain forecasts, a more consistent TC rainfall from various PMW sensors and the TC diurnal characteristics are required to make further advances in TC

TC web page in the near future.

160 Recent Developments in Tropical Cyclone Dynamics, Prediction, and Detection

The light white line is the JTWC near real‐time TC track.

intensity can be estimated from the PMW measurements.

**8. Summary**

rainfall forecasts.

The authors would like to thank the financial supports from the ONR project "tropical cyclone structure and intensity" and NRL base project "hurricane eyewall dynamics" (PE 61153N), and the NASA global precipitation measurement (GPM) project.
