**Mobile Cloud-Based Blood Pressure Healthcare for Education**

Chin-Feng Lin, Shere-Er Wang, Yen-Chiao Lu, Chung-I Lin, Chung-Cheng Chang, Tim Yeh, Candice Lee, Jeffson Huang, Chic-Erh Weng, Sue-Hsien Chen, Bing-Leung Sun, Chao-Sheng Wang, Shiue-Li Cheng, Shiou-Yu Li and Lan-Yu Wu

Additional information is available at the end of the chapter

http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/63471

#### **Abstract**

Mercury, pneumatic, and electronic sphygmomanometers were widely used for traditional blood pressure (BP) measurement. Cloud BP database, and mobile information and communication technology (MICT) do not integrate to these BP measurement methods. Pen and papers were employed to record BP values for nurses and physicians, and recording errors are possible to occur. In the chapter, the cloudbased BP platform solution and advanced wireless hospital BP measurement technol‐ ogies were studied. These cloud-based BT measurement technologies were used as teaching aids to train students of electrical and nursing fields for mobile BP health‐ care and health promotion education, and hence interdisciplinary teaching and learning were conducted. The teachers include professors of electrical and nursing fields, physicians, hospital nurses, and the engineer and health management experts of Microlife. The interdisciplinary teaching and learning of mobile BP healthcare and health promotion for smart aging were conducted in the Department of Nursing Division, Chang Cung Memorial Hospital, Keelung Branch, Department of Nursing Ching Kuo Institute of Management and Health, School of Nursing Chung Shan Medical University, and Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan Ocean University. The students of electrical and nursing fields participated for joint interdis‐ ciplinary learning. The concepts of interdisciplinary mobile BP healthcare learning and teaching involve nursing and technology, healthy aging, BP health care for smart aging, telenursing, BP care for smart aging, community/home telecare, and MICT. The objective of teaching and learning is training the design and making electrical engineers

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to understand BP healthcare and health promotion, and nurses to understand mobile BP healthcare and health promotion system for smart aging.

**Keywords:** BP healthcare, smart aging , cloud-based BP measurement technologies, jointly interdisciplinary learning and teaching, mobile information and communica‐ tion technology

## **1. Introduction**

In this chapter, computers, Internet access, mobile computing, Web page systems, short messaging services, multimedia messaging services, and e-mails were examined with respect to students of medical, nursing, and health science disciplines [1]. The advanced technologies help health science students to access healthcare information and adopt effective methods to develop their skills. Mobile information and communication technology (MICT) has been used in the learning and teaching process of health and medicine science education, and has enabled learning and access to health education knowledge anywhere and at any time [2]. Mazzola et al. [3] demonstrated how physical activity, nutrition, and training through a combination of processes and mobile technologies are related to overweight teenagers and obesity in behavio‐ ral education. The People for Ecosystem-based Governance in Assessing Sustainable develop‐ ment of Ocean and coast (PEGASO) scenarios [3] include motion sensors to detect physical activity, GPS location service, and the smartphone acts as a communication gateway for these sensors with feedback functions and information. The awareness and self-management of obesity risks are important to motivate teenagers to engage in affective learning and trigger a behavioral change. Smartphone applications were exploited to improve participants' healthrelated quality of life and healthcare utilization for rheumatic diseases self-management [4]. Disease-associated self-management strategies can be designed using mobile health (mHealth) technologies. Azevedo et al. [4] reviewed several aims, platforms, and characteristics of smartphone applications for self-management of rheumatic diseases.

mHealth is a "medical and public health practice supported by mobile devices, such as mobile phones, patient monitoring devices, personal digital assistants, and other wireless devices" [5], and is recognized by the World Health Organization. Advanced mobile Web-based and Internet technologies have transformed current healthcare models with regard to monitoring of physical activity or encouraging physiological changes that stimulate positive health behaviors. Zhang et al. [6] illustrated how to extend a mobile Web-based app with multimedia features for psychiatry education in Singapore, and found out through a survey that MICT helped them save a significant amount of time in clinical activities. MICT must ensure that the physiological signals provided within are accurate and credible. Healthy behaviors (e.g., sports lifestyle, healthy eating habits, and blood pressure (BP) monitoring) help in reducing fatal health risk, disability, healthcare use and health-related costs [7]. Weight management, physical activity, smoking cessation, self-management of diabetes mellitus, and hypertension care using MICT were demonstrated [8]. MICT-supported health behavior interventions are designed to prevent or manage illness and lead to fundamental changes in health practices, thereby, providing an opportunity to stimulate and sustain healthy behaviors [6, 7]. Chan et al. [9] described that problem-based learning using multimedia, such as video clips, Web sites, images, or photos, was implemented in the health sciences learning process, and students could use their mobile Internet technology to access the knowledge and enhance their process of learning using laptops, tablets, and smartphone mobile devices on a cloud-based learning platform. Problem identification, problem description, problem exploration, applicability, and integration strategies were recommended in the problem-based learning approach [10].

Elliott et al. [11] implemented a mobile electronic health records (EHR) system for medical education. The functionality, connectivity, ease of use, and usage challenges of the developed EHR system in the hospital environment were investigated for learning. Davies et al. [12] developed a mobile learning model using a personal digital assistant (PDA) loaded with medical resources for undergraduate medical students in the clinical environment. MICT was used to provide new learning methods with respect to problem identification and solving skills. ISO/IEEE 11073 and Health Level 7(HL7) V2.6 protocols were used to develop and evaluate self-management mobile Personal Health Record mobile health application for Android 4.0.3 by the Continua Health Alliance for continuous self-management of chronic disease patients [13]. It has the potential to promote new treatment and medical opportunities as well as to reduce medical costs and time for an aging society. It monitors their vital signs using mobile network technology (MNT); thereby, ensuring better healthcare. The user interface, applications, seamless transmission protocol, personal health record, and database managers were demonstrated for the application.

Wu et al. [14] proposed a cellular and iridium network-based blood pressure and body temperature remote measurement platform for mobile healthcare education. The overview of mobile telemedicine research fields was provided by Lin [15, 16]. In previous studies [17–21], 802.11n and ultra-wideband wireless telemedicine transmission schemes, multicode code division multiple access (CDMA) cellular mobile telemedicine transmission mechanism, and multi-satellites wideband CDMA and orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) transport architectures were proposed. In this article, a cloud-based mobile blood pressure (BP) healthcare education program for smart aging is investigated.
