**Author details**

Unexpectedly, MK-7 substantially improved the ability of HU36 carotenoids to block Fe(II) induced lipid peroxidation, even though MK-7 remained unconsumed in the incubation medium. Hence, it was asserted that their presence modifies the antioxidant properties exerted by the carotenoids, probably by allowing them to scavenge radicals. The HU36 carotenoids and phenol-derived antioxidants showed synergism in the inhibition of linoleic acid peroxidation. This reaction might have risen from antioxidants, which interacted via heme-

**p.** Puri A. et al. J Food Sci Technol. 2015 Dec;52(12):8228–35. doi: 10.1007/s13197-015-1903-3. Epub 2015 Jun 23. **Effect of sequential bio-processing conditions on the content and com-**

Excerpt from the article: The present paper features the effect of sequential addition of *Bifidobacterium bifidum, Bacillus subtilis*, as well as *Rhizopus oligosporus* on the contents and composition of vitamin K2 contained within fermented soya foods. Soya beans, fermented with *B. bifidum*, were treated as described: The fermented bacterial bulk mass was re-fermented with a co-culture of *B. subtilis* and *R. oligosporus*. This study indicated that the co-fermentation of soya beans with different microbe combinations, however, in a given, predefined sequence, may enhance nutritional value better than mono-culture fermentations, which is a result of the positive correlation between applied enzymes (lipase, phytase, β-glucosidase), menaqui-

**q.** Poon CC. et al. Eur J Pharmacol. 2015 Nov 15;767:30–40. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar. 2015.09.048. Epub 2015 Oct 8. **In vitro vitamin K(2) and 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) combination** 

Excerpt from the article: The present study features the anabolic effect and cellular action

from C57BL/KsJ lean (+/+), as well as obese and diabetic (db/db) mice. A lower ALP (alkaline phosphatase) activity and a reduced expression of anabolic bone markers and osseous formation-related transcription factors (i.e. OC = osteocalcin, Dlx5, Runx2, ATF4 and OSX) were consistently observed in the osteoblastic cells of db/db mice, as compared with lean mice. Significantly higher deposits of Ca2+ by osteoblastic cells were seen in lean mice, as compared with db/db mice. Concomitant administration of vitamin K2 (MK-7) and active

all animals. Furthermore, vitamins K2 and D successively (for 3 weeks) augmented levels of the anabolic bone turnover markers, including bone formation-related transcription

stimulated migration, as well as the reappearance of both surface microvilli and ruffles expressed by osteoblasts of the db/db mice. Hence, the present data indicate that the vita-

**r.** Qin XY. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 2015;61(4):285–90. doi: 10.3177/jnsv.61.285. **Carboxylic derivatives of vitamin K2 inhibit hepatocellular carcinoma cell growth through cas-**

factors. The combined treatment with vitamin K2 plus vitamin 1,25(OH)2

(1,25(OH)2

) brought about an increase in calcium deposits by osteoblasts in

combination might serve as a novel therapeutic strategy for the

D3

) on iliac crest osteoblasts

D3

substantially

**position of vitamin K2 and isoflavones in fermented soy food**.

none-7 (vitamin K2) and soya isoflavone contents.

**enhances osteoblasts anabolism of diabetic mice**.

of vitamin K2 or/and 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D<sup>3</sup>

D3

treatment of diabetes-associated osteoporosis.

**pase/transglutaminase-related signaling pathways**.

vitamin D (1,25(OH)2

min K2 plus vitamin D3

iron-based electron transfer.

210 Vitamin K2 - Vital for Health and Wellbeing

