**1.3. Electro-deposition**

Electro-deposition is a deposition technique that applies metallic coatings to metallic or other conductive surfaces through electrochemical processes. It is an excellent means of producing a composite coating successfully on metal surfaces. In this method, the distribution of particles is uniform, the rate of deposition is high, and the temperature of operation is low (i.e., < 1000 C). Compared to high-temperature methods such as pyrometallurgy and powder metal‐ lurgy, control of the microstructure and composition is easier.

**Figure 1.** Co-deposition of nanoparticles on metal substrate (Low et., al) [1]
