**4. HSCSOS software implementation**

The HSCSOS architecture includes the hardware and software components integrated in a single hardware/software complex.

A general view of the Mars-500 project Ground Experimental Stand (GES) and HSCSOS hardware arrangement are given on Figure 5 and Figure 6, respectively.

The HSCSOS hardware features two work places located in the PMM: Operator's Terminal in PMM-150 (OT1) and Operator's Terminal in PMM-50 (OT2), and the Instructor's Work Place (IWP) located in the Control Experimental Center (CEC).

The moisture losses as a result of perspiration and respiration *J*, g/h, are also of energy

Trace contaminant realized *TCi* to be considered as a first order approximation are

In calculation of trace contaminants realized the data presented in work (Savina, V.P., & Kuznetsova, T.I., 1980) are used. The data processed for the mixed ration (50 %-natural food products and 50 % sublimated food products) as a function of the ambient temperature are

Ammonia and its compounds 0.0144 0.0144+0.0031t Ketones 0.0577 0.0577+0.0003t Carbon monoxide 0.195 0.195+0.0186t Aldehydes 0.005 0.005+0.0005t Inorganic acids 0.018 0.018+0.0017t Total Alcohols 0.012 0.012+0.0005t Hydrocarbons 0.008 0.008+0.0008t Methane 0.033 0.033+0.0003t Acetaldehyde 0.003 0.003+0.0001t Methanol 0.008 0.008+0.0001t Ethanol 0.011 0.011+0.001t Dimethylamine 0.007 0.007+0.0006t Acetone 0.046 0.046+0.0043t

The HSCSOS architecture includes the hardware and software components integrated in a

A general view of the Mars-500 project Ground Experimental Stand (GES) and HSCSOS

The HSCSOS hardware features two work places located in the PMM: Operator's Terminal in PMM-150 (OT1) and Operator's Terminal in PMM-50 (OT2), and the Instructor's Work

Table 1. Initial data for simulation of trace contaminant secretion.

hardware arrangement are given on Figure 5 and Figure 6, respectively.

Place (IWP) located in the Control Experimental Center (CEC).

The quantity of urine donated *U,* g/h, is a function of energy expenditure *N*

*J 91.7 0.19N* = − . (23)

*U 0.19N* = . (24)

*TC A N i i* = . (25)

**Temperature-dependency specific secretion intensity** *Ai***, mg kcal /h for: t=20 20< t** ≤**40** 

expenditure *N* is determined as

proportional energy expenditure *N*

**Trace contaminant** 

**4. HSCSOS software implementation** 

single hardware/software complex.

given in Table 1.

Fig. 5. The general view of the Mars-500 project Ground Experimental Stand.

Fig. 6. HSCSOS hardware arrangement at the Mars-500 project Ground Experimental Stand.

According to the HSCSOS architecture the complex software based on 'client –server' technology of data processing and transfer has been developed. The software includes a server and a client sections. The server and client sections are interrelated via specialized technology of data transfer DataSocet integrated in the programming environment LabView, v. 8.5.

The server section contains various calculation modules of 'PMM atmosphere', and 'crew' simulation models, system virtual simulators, off-normal situation generation module, a crew audio warning module, a crew action efficiency assessment module and a protocol module.

The server section provides computations and interrelation with the client section for displaying the parameter values in order to classify the environment and individual system performance and translate control command from client section for correction of system production rates or ONS localization.

The client section displays the data obtained from the server section, generates control signals to transfer them to the server section. In addition, the client section allows the operator to identify and trace ONS develops in the HSCSOS and the time spent to conduct some operations in servicing the systems and localizing ONS. It is not necessary to permanently interconnect the server and client sections. The operator's terminal can be connected in case if the performance requires intervention.
