*2.2.1. Types and brief descriptions of traction motors*

Among different types of electric drives, there are four major types of motors that are viable for EVs: DC motors, induction motors, switched reluctance motor, and permanent magnet brushless motor. They possess fundamentally different machine topologies. Basically, they are classified into two main groups, the brushed and the brushless, and each group can be further classified into different subgroups.

### *2.2.1.1. DC motor*

DC Motors are widely applied in EVs, because of the orthogonal disposition of field and armature. Simple control is the advantage of DC Motors. The permanent magnet DC Motors allow a significant reduction due to the efficient use of radial space. Due to the low permeability of the permanent magnet DC Motors, armature reaction decreases under normal circumstan‐ ces, the commutation has been greatly improved. However, their commutator and brushes make operation not very reliable and maintenance is difficult.
