**Abstract**

Electric-drive vehicles (EDVs) have drawn more and more attention worldwide. As one of the most important parts of EDVs, battery management systems (BMSs) manage the huge amount of battery cells in EDVs and assures their safety. To achieve these goals, re‐ searches in BMS, such as battery modeling, battery state estimation, and battery balanc‐ ing have gained a new vigor. This chapter will review the existing researches and introduce several advances in these areas.

**Keywords:** Battery management system, battery model, state of charge, battery balanc‐ ing, electric-drive vehicle
