**1. Introduction**

Mosquito-borne vectors are responsible for the transmission of various causative agents of infectious diseases that can be lethal for humans. During the last decades, several diseases have increased incidence and expanded into new geographical areas. Among the factors that can favor the spread of disease are the increase of population density, the increase of international travel, and the increase of the import and export of goods at international level [1]. The number of recent notifications of mosquito-borne diseases in the world is a matter of concern, and currently there are no effective vaccines available against most of these diseases. In many parts of the world, mosquito presence is a problem because each season presents different species that are vectors of diseases with medical and animal importance because they feed from man

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and other organisms. Therefore, the only way to avoid epidemics of mosquito-borne diseases is through the control of insect vectors and through knowledge of its biology, behavior, and environmental factors that facilitate its transmission [2].

Mosquitoes' vector characteristics vary depending on the particular conditions of their habitat of origin. During its life cycle, mosquito goes through four stages, which are egg, larva, pup, and adult, of which the first three stages need stagnant water to develop. Generally, adult mosquitoes are small insects, fragile, with slender bodies, a pair of narrow wings and three pairs of long slender legs. They vary in length from 3.16 to 1.2 inch (5 to 13 mm). They are equipped with an elongated proboscis with mouthparts adapted for piercing skin, which the female uses for snacks and to feed on blood.

Over the last decades, the struggle of pests has been based on the large-scale use of chemical pesticides, as well as the elimination of all containers, artificial or natural, which can be given favorable conditions for the development of the prolific mosquito breeding sites [3]. However, the negative effects of chemicals on nontarget organism populations and the resistance development to these chemicals in mosquitoes, along with the resent resurgence of different diseases transmitted by mosquitoes, have led to search other alternative methods, more simple and sustainable for mosquito control.
