**Management Practices for Insect Resistance in** *Bt* **Maize**

Gleberson Guillen Piccinin, Alessandro Lucca Braccini, Andréia Kazumi Suzukawa, Ricardo Shigueru Okumura, Claudete Rosa da Silva, Allan Klynger da Silva Lobato and Daiane de Cinque Mariano

Additional information is available at the end of the chapter

http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/61653

#### **Abstract**

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The failure to reduce the population of a phytophagous species recognized as a key pest in a given situation usually occurs by not using the principles of Integrated Pest Manage‐ ment (IPM). The control of insect pests in agriculture has been done mainly through the application of chemical insecticides. However, chemical insecticides has lost effectiveness due to the selection of populations of resistant insects and cause adverse environmental effects. The main resistance management programs (IRM) strategy is the use of 'high dose/refuge', which involves the use of high dose of *Bt* protein in plants, promoting high mortality of heterozygotes associated with the planting of refuge, ie, a proportion of the crop in which it must be planted a non-*Bt* variety, allowing the survival of susceptible in‐ dividuals. The emergence of *Bt* crops is an important step between the tactics available for pest control in various crops such as maize, canola, cotton and, in the near future, soy‐ beans.

**Keywords:** Insect, Resistance, Management
