*3.2.1. Non-interlaced fabric structures*

Non-interlaced fabrics consist of multiple fiber layers that are stacked one on top of another. There is no interlacement between these layers so the fibers lie across the structure without crimping. This is an obvious advantage for in-plane properties since the fibers are well oriented in in-plane directions. Out-of-plane properties, however, are poor due to lack of through-thethickness fibers (z-fibers). If the fabric has one set of yarn oriented in 0˚ direction it is referred to as uniaxial non-interlaced fabric preform. Biaxial non-interlaced fabric preform consists of two fiber sets oriented at 0/90˚. A multiaxis non-interlaced fabric preform has four fiber sets oriented in 0/90/±45˚ directions (Figure 8) [43].

**Figure 8.** (a) Unidirectional non-interlaced fabric schematic and fabric (b) biaxial non-interlaced fabric schematic and fabric, and (c) multiaxis non-interlaced fabric schematic and fabric [43].
