**Author details**

Attilio Di Spiezio Sardo1\*, Federica Palma2 , Gloria Calagna3 , Brunella Zizolfi1 and Giuseppe Bifulco2

\*Address all correspondence to: cdispie@tin.it, attiliodispiezio@libero.it

1 Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Federico II, Naples, Italy

2 Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy

3 Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Palermo, Italy

### **References**


[7] Hollier LM, Laurie Scott L, Murphree SS, Wendel GD. Postpartum endometritis caused by herpes simplex virus. Obstetrics and Gynecology 1997; 89 (5): 836–8.

**•** negative cultures: Ceftriaxone 250 mg IM in a single dose plus doxycycline 100 mg orally twice a day for 14 days with metronidazole 500 mg orally twice a day for 14 days.

In case of persistence of signs of chronic endometritis at subsequent hysteroscopy, the protocol

In the presence of confirmed tuberculous endometritis, the patient should be given a specific antibiotic therapy for tuberculosis (isoniazid, ethambutol, rifampicin, and pyrazinamide for 2

, Gloria Calagna3

, Brunella Zizolfi1

and

months, followed by isoniazid and rifampicin for another 4 months).

\*Address all correspondence to: cdispie@tin.it, attiliodispiezio@libero.it

3 Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Palermo, Italy

1 Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Federico II, Naples, Italy

ican Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2000; 182: 1404–13.

2 Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy

[1] Taylor S, Frydman R. Hysteroscopy and sperm infection. Contracept Fertil Sex1996;

[2] Gravett MG, Hitti J, Hess DL, Eschenbach DA. Intrauterine infection and preterm de‐ livery: evidence for activation of the fetal hypothalamic pituitary-adrenal axis. Amer‐

[3] Eckert LO, Moore DE, Patton DL, Agnew KJ, Eschenbach DA. Relationship of vagi‐ nal bacteria and inflammation with conception and early pregnancy loss following in vitro fertilization. Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology 2003; 11: 11–7.

[4] Romero R, Mazor M. Infection and preterm labor. Clinical of Obstetrics and Gynecol‐

[5] Farooki MA. Epidemiology and pathology of chronic endometritis. International Sur‐

[6] Giraldo-Isaza MA, Jaspan D, Cohen AW. Postpartum endometritis caused by herpes

and cytomegaloviruses. Obstetrics and Gynecology 2011; 117: 466–7.

can be repeated up to three times.

Attilio Di Spiezio Sardo1\*, Federica Palma2

**Author details**

42 Genital Infections and Infertility

Giuseppe Bifulco2

**References**

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[31] Dogan-Ekici AI, Usubütün A, Küçükali T, Ayhan A. Xanthogranulomatous endome‐ tritis: a challenging imitator of endometrial carcinoma. Infectious Diseases in Obstet‐ rics and Gynecology 2007; 347–63.

[19] Feghali J, Bakar J, Mayenga JM, Segard L, Hamou J, Driguez P, Belaish-Allart J. Sys‐ tematic hysteroscopy prior to in vitro fertilization. Gynecol Obstet Fertil 2003; 31:

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[22] Zolghardri J, Momthan M, Aminian K, Ghaffarpasand F, Tavana Z. The value of hys‐ teroscopy in diagnosis of chronic endometritis in patiens with unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion. European Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Repro‐

[23] Matteo M, Cicinelli E, Greco P, Massenzio F, Baldini D, Falagario T, Rosenberg P, Castellana L, Specchia G, Liso A. Abnormal pattern of lymphocyte subpopulations in the endometrium of infertile women with chronic endometritis. American Journal of

[24] Greenwood SM, Moran JJ. Chronic endometritis: morphologic and clinical observa‐

[25] Cicinelli E, Resta L, Nicoletti R, Tartagni M, Marinaccio M, Bulletti C, Tartagni M, Marinaccio M, Bulletti C, Colafiglio G. Detection of chronic endometritis at fluid hys‐

[26] Cicinelli E, Resta L, Nicoletti R, Zappimbulso V, Tartagni M, Saliani N. Endometrial micropolyps at fluid hysteroscopy suggest the existence of chronic endometritis. Hu‐

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**Chapter 4**
