**3.1.2 Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2**

Glucose is freely filtered by glomeruli before being almost entirely reabsorbed into the circulation from PTCs. Reabsorption of the majority of glucose is achieved by sodiumglucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2), which is present in the S1 segment of proximal tubules. Expression of SGLT2 is enhanced in the kidney of diabetic Zucker rats (Tabatabai et al. 2009). SGLT2 inhibitors currently in development are expected not only to treat hyperglycemia but also to have an effect on hypertension and glomerular hyperfiltration in diabetic patients (Bailey et al. 2010; List and Whaley 2011).
