**2.3.2 Salinity – NaCl**

232 Soybean Physiology and Biochemistry

POD are metalloenzymes acting in the elimination of, respectively, O2• - radical and H2O2 produced in stress conditions. Peroxidases are active in many physiological and development processes and are involved both in consumption, as in the production of H2O2 and other ROS (Silva et al. 1994; McQueen-Mason & Cosgrove, 1994; McQueen-Mason, 1995,

Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Cruiser on the enzymes involved in protection against oxidative stress (SOD and POD) caused by drought, salinity and presence

In this study were used seeds from two different cultivars of soybean (*Glycine max* L.): Pintado, representative of the Brazilian Midwest region, characterized by the predominance of the Brazilian savanna (cerrado) features and BRS 133, representative of the South region,

Three experiments were carried out in the Xenobiotic Lab from Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute of Biosciences, UNESP, Botucatu, in a germination chamber at

Seeds were germinated on filter paper rolls moistened with distilled water or with different solutions. The volume of such solutions used in the treatments was 2.5 mL X g filter paper weight. The germination rolls were placed into plastic containers, each with a perforated lid. In the germination evaluations, seeds presenting root length equal to or greater than to 2

In the three experiments were adopted the experimental design completely randomized, with four replicates and twenty-five seeds per plot. The results were subjected to analysis of variance. The treatments were compared by Tukey test at 1% probability. The experiments

Seeds of two soybean cultivars were treated with the recommended level of Cruiser 350 FS - **D1** - (100 mL f.p./100Kg seed), with twice the recommended level of Cruiser 350 FS - **D2** - (200 mL f.p./100Kg seeds) and the control seeds were treated only with distilled water - **D0**. The counting of germinated seeds of the three treatments was performed at 24, 36, 48, 60

Seeds of two soybean cultivars were treated with the recommended level of Cruiser 350 FS - **D1** - (100 mL f.p./100Kg seed) and the control seeds were treated only with distilled water -

Followed by treatment with the levels D0 and D1 of Cruiser, germination paper leaves were moistened with solutions of aluminum sulphate at concentrations of 0; 5; 10 and 15 mmol L-1. Germination evaluations were performed at 24, 36, 48, 60 and 72 h of imbibition in the solutions of different concentrations of aluminum sulfate. At the end of the

Bacon et al. 1997; Amaya et al. 1999; Passardi et al., 2004).

**2.1 Plant material and conduction of experiments** 

**2. Methods** 

25°C in the dark.

were conducted in three phases.

**2.2 First experiment** 

and 72 h of imbibition.

**2.3 Second experiment** 

**2.3.1 Presence of heavy metal – aluminum** 

experiment (72 h) the embryo axis were removed and weighed.

**D0**.

of high concentrations of aluminum during soybean germination.

with features adapted to the soil and climate of this geography.

mm were considered germinated (Duran & Tortosa, 1985).

Followed by treatment with the levels D0 and D1 of Cruiser, germination paper leaves were moistened with solutions of sodium clhoride at concentrations of 0; 25; 50; 100 and 150 mmol L-1. Germination evaluations were performed at 24, 36, 48, 60, 72 and 84 h of imbibition in the solutions of different concentrations of NaCl. At the end of the experiment (84 h) the embryo axis were removed and weighed.

#### **2.3.3 Water deficit**

Treated seeds with levels D0 and D1 of Cruiser were germinated on filter paper rolls moistened with solutions of polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG) that simulate different situations of water deficit. PEG solutions at the water potentials -0.1; -0.2 and -0.3 MPa were prepared according to Michel & Kaufmann (1973). Distilled water was used in the control. Germination evaluations were performed at 24, 36, 48, 60, 72 and 84 h of imbibition in the solutions of different concentrations of PEG. At the end of the experiment (84 h) the embryo axis were removed and weighed.
