>V0:=1:

one of the data transmitting routers. The PD measurements will lead to a lot of raw data and normally they can't be sent directly to the remote controlling center due to its high data volume. After processing, the data can be sent back to the controlling and data concentrator for

Because the shielded power cables are widely used in modern HV power systems and the fact that the partial discharge is a powerful tool for assessing the HV power system status, HF PD electromagnetic wave propagation, detection, and analysis have been extensively studied. In this chapter, the authors look into the details of the shield power cable structure, their HF attenuation properties, PD electromagnetic wave propagation, and address the detection and

**Appendix: Maple program for loss calculations in a typical jacketed**

analysis of the HF electromagnetic wave in the shielded power cable.

>epsilon:=2.2:#Epsilon is the dielectric constant of the insulation.

appropriate actions such as cable maintenance, alarm generation, etc.

**Figure 16.** One Zigbee node.

110 Advanced Electromagnetic Waves

**shielded cable**

>epsilon0:=8.85e-12: >mu1:=1\*4\*Pi\*1e-7:

>restart;

**4. Summary and discussion**

>Rc:=4e-3:# Rc is the conductor radius.

>Rs:=11.7e-3: #Rs is the ground shield radius (m).

>Rd:=11.2E-3:#Rd is the insulation radius (m).

>N:=4:# N is the number of neutral wires.

>omega:=2\*Pi\*f:

>epsilon0:=8.85e-12:

>l:=1:# let the length of the cable be 1 m;

>T:=0.5e-3:# T is the thickness of the ground shield.

>T2:=0.2-3:# T2 is the thickness of the conductor shield.

>d:=evalf(2\*Pi\*Rs/N):# d is the length between two neutral wires.

>C:=2\*Pi\*epsilon\*epsilon0\*l/(ln(Rs/Rc)):# Capacitance of the insulation per meter.

>C1:=2\*Pi\*epsilon\*epsilon0/(ln(Rd/Rc)):

>L1:=mu1\*ln(Rs/Rc)/(2\*Pi):

>Zc:=evalf(sqrt(L1/C1)):#Characteristic impedance.

```
>K1:=1/((sigma3+omega*epsilon0*epsilon3*I)*l*T):
```
>K2:=-2\*I/omega/C/1\*Pi\*Rs+T2/(sigma4+omega\*epsilon4\*epsilon0\*I)/1:

>I1:=


2)/K2^(1/2)/(1+exp(1/K2^(1/2)\*K1^(1/2)\*d)):#

Current distribution along the ground shield.

>V1:=-V0\*(exp(1/K2^(1/2)\*K1^(1/2)\*x)+exp(-K1^(1/2)\*(-d+x)/K2^(1/2)))/K2^(

```
1/2)/(1+exp(1/K2^(1/2)*K1^(1/2)*d)):#
```
90

Voltage distribution along the ground shield.

>I2:=(-V1)/K2:# Current flowing through the conductor shield.

>dZr4:=T2/(sigma4\*l\*dx):# dZr4 is the elemental resistive impedance of the conductor shield.

>dZc4:=1/(I\*omega\*(epsilon0\*epsilon4\*l\*dx/T2)):# dZc4 is the elemental capacitive impedance of the conductor shield.

>Ratio2:=simplify(dZc4/(dZc4+dZr4)):# To get the current flowing through the resistive component of the conductor shield, we calculate Ratio2.

>Irtotal2:=I2\*Ratio2:# Irtotal2 is the current flowing through resistive component

of the conductor shield.

>dZr3:=(1\*dx)/(sigma3\*l\*T):# Same as above.

```
>dZc3:=1/(I*omega*(epsilon0*epsilon3*l*T/dx)):# Same as above.
>Ratio1:=simplify(dZc3/(dZc3+dZr3)):# Same as above.
>Irtotal:=I1*Ratio1:# Irtotal1 is the current flowing through resistive component
of the ground shield.
>Ii:=Im(Irtotal):
>Ir:=Re(Irtotal):
>Ii2:=Im(Irtotal2):
>Ir2:=Re(Irtotal2):
>Pd4:=int(((Ir2)^2+(Ii2)^2)*(T2/(sigma4)),x=0..d/2):# Conductor shield power
dissipation
>Pd3:=int(((Ir)^2+(Ii)^2)*(1/(sigma3*T)),x=0..d/2):# Ground shield power dissipation
>Pin:=(V0)^2/Zc:# Input power.
>dB3:=10*log10(1-(Pd3*2*N/Pin)):# Ground shield attenuation.
>dB4:=10*log10(1-(Pd4*2*N/Pin)):# Conductor shield attenuation.
```