**Sex and Age Differences in Lipoprotein Metabolism Proatherogenic Changes under the Experimental Metabolic Syndrome in Hamsters**

A. Zagayko, G. Kravchenko, K. Strelchenko, A. Shkapo and T. Briukhanova

Additional information is available at the end of the chapter

http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/60759

### **Abstract**

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16 Lipoproteins - From Bench to Bedside

The unbalanced high-calorie diet can be the cause of a number of pathological states, including metabolic syndrome (MS). It is well known that the risk of MS increases with age, but gender differences in age-related lipid metabolism changes under this pathology are not fully understood.

In order to investigate the mechanisms of atherogenic dyslipidemia under the MS, we study the dynamics of some parameters of lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in hamsters of different sex and age. In our experiments, we found some age and gender differences in lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in healthy hamsters and hamsters with MS. In general, the obtained results demonstrate dyslipidemia development in males feeding high-calorie diet, irrespective of age. We suppose that hypertriglycer‐ idemia in males under the high-calorie diet developed due to the accumulation of triacylglycerols (TAGs) in hepatocytes and as a result very low density lipoprotein 1 (VLDL1) over secretion by liver. However, in females feeding high-calorie diet atherogenic dyslipoproteinemia develops only with aging. It can be assumed that the reason why high-calorie diet in females leads to the pathological changes in VLDL morphology and hypertriglyceridemia development is reducing the hepatocytes sensitivity to insulin. Herewith, insulin resistance in females does not cause lipolysis activation in adipose tissue, which is probably associated with the ability of female

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sex hormones to suppress lipolysis in adipose tissue regardless of sensitivity to insulin.

**Keywords:** lipoprotein metabolism, metabolic syndrome, hamsters, age differences
