**1. Introduction**

Although an atherogenic lipoprotein phenotype was reported as a predictor of cardiovascular/ cerebrovascular disease, numerous recent studies have recognized additional lipid-related markers as emerging biomarkers to identify patients with cardiovascular/cerebrovascular disease risk. Among them the most promising biomarkers for cardiovascular/cerebrovascular risk assessment is lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2).

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