**The Assessment of the Atherogenic Lipoprotein Profile in Cardiovascular Diseases by Lipoprint System Analysis**

Stanislav Oravec, Kristina Gruber, Andrej Dukat, Peter Gavornik, Ludovit Gaspar and Elisabeth Dostal

Additional information is available at the end of the chapter

http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/60989

#### **Abstract**

Research focus: Identification of incidence of an atherogenic lipoprotein pheno‐ type B in four representative diagnoses of cardiovascular diseases: a) arterial hypertension, b) coronary heart disease, c) lower extremity arterial disease, d) ischemic stroke Research methods: A clinical study included 366 patients with a diagnosis of arterial hypertension (n=107), coronary heart disease (n= 104), lower extremity arterial disease (n= 100) and ischemic stroke (n= 55). The control group consisted of 150 healthy normotensive and normolipemic volunteers, all nonsmokers, without signs of cardiovascular disease. In all tested individuals (or subjects) lipid parameters in serum: cholesterol and triglycerides were analyzed, using the enzymatic CHOD-PAP method, Roche Diagnostics Germany. Lipopro‐ teins in serum lipoprotein spectrum by Lipoprint LDL system were analyzed and an atherogenic and a non-atherogenic lipoprotein profile idetified. The Score of the Anti-Atherogenic Risk (SAAR) was calculated as the ratio between non-atherogen‐ ic and atherogenic lipoproteins. Results: More than 80 percent of tested patients with cardovascular diseases have an atherogenic lipoprotein profile, with a high level of strongly atherogenic small dense LDL. The aterogenic profile was found in arterial hypertension 78.5%, in coronary heart disease in 81.7%, in lower extremity arterial disease in 80 %, and in patients who survived an ischemic stroke in 85%. Main conclusion: The atherogenic lipoprotein profile was found to be the overwhelming lipoprotein profile in tested cardiovascular diseases A new phenomenon- atherogenic normolipidemia - as a risk factor for the development

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of cardiovascular disease, would be established as a new term used in the diagnostics of dyslipoproteinemias

**Keywords:** atherogenic lipoproteins, atherogenic lipoprotein profile, small dense LDL, cardiovascular diseases
