**Author details**

César Hita-Antón1 , Lourdes Jordano-Luna2,3 and Rosario Díez-Villalba2,3\*

\*Address all correspondence to: mdiez.hugf@salud.madrid.org

1 Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Universitario de Torrejón, Torrejón de Ardoz, Madrid, Spain

2 Department of Ophthalmology Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Getafe, Madrid, Spain

3 Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain

#### **References**


[8] Alino AM, Perry HD, Kanellopoulos AS, Donnenfeld ED, Rahn EK. Conjunctival flaps. Ophthalmology 1998;105:1120-3.

required, this can be carried out in a primary or secondary way. The advantages and disad‐ vantages of different types of implants and the use of wrapping material is widely discussed with the patient. It is important to emphasize the patient-recovering milestones and possible postoperative complications as well as the need for other secondary surgical techniques, e.g., eyelid surgery. Postoperative follow-up is crucial to detect and treat complications as early as possible. Finally, we would like to stress that collaboration with the ocularist is essential in

order to get a good adaptation of the prosthesis and aesthetical patient satisfaction.

\*Address all correspondence to: mdiez.hugf@salud.madrid.org

3 Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain

logica Scandinava. 1999;77:331-335.

, Lourdes Jordano-Luna2,3 and Rosario Díez-Villalba2,3\*

1 Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Universitario de Torrejón, Torrejón de Ardoz,

2 Department of Ophthalmology Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Getafe, Madrid, Spain

[2] Meltzer MA, Schaefer DP, Della Rocca RC. Evisceration. Smith's Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. Vol. 2. St. Louis: CV Mosby; 1987. pp. 1300-1307.

[4] Mulles PH. Evisceration of the globe, with artificial vitreous. Transactions of the

[5] Frost WA. What is the best method of dealing with a lost eye? British Medical Journal

[6] Hansen AB, Petersen C, Heegaard S. Review of 1028 bulbar eviscerations and enu‐ cleations: changes in etiology and frequency overall 20 year period. Acta Ophthalmo‐

[7] Levine MR, Pou CR, Lash RH. Evisceration: is sympathetic ophthalmia a concern in the new millennium? Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 1999;15:4.

[1] Kübler-Ross E. On Death and Dying. Macmillan New York; 1969.

[3] Noyes W. Treatise on Diseases of the Eye. New York: Wodd; 1881. p. 189.

Ophthalmological Societies of the United Kingdom 1885;5:200-206.

**Author details**

58 Advances in Eye Surgery

César Hita-Antón1

Madrid, Spain

**References**

1887:1153.


[37] Karcioglu ZA, Al-Ghamdi H, Al-Bateri A, Rostem A. Radiation absorption properties of orbital implants. Orbit 1998;17:161-167.

[23] Smit TJ, Koornneef L, Zonneveld FW, Groet E, Otto AJ. Computed tomography in the assessment of the postenucleation socket syndrome. Ophthalmology

[24] Kaltreider SA, Jacobs JL, Hughes MO. A simple algorithm for selection of implant size for enucleation and evisceration. Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery

[25] Thaller VT. Enucleation volume measurement. Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstruc‐

[26] Tyers AG, Collin JR. Orbital implants and post enucleation socket syndrome. Trans‐ actions of the Ophthalmological Societies of the United Kingdom 1982;102:90-92. [27] Moshfeghi DM, Moshfeghi AA, Finger PT. Enucleation. Survey of Ophthalmology

[28] Beard C. Remarks on historical and newer approaches to orbital implants. Ophthal‐

[29] Mourits DL, Hartong DT, Moll AC, Mourits MP. Management of porous orbital im‐ plants requiring explantation: a clinical and histopathology study. Letters to the Edi‐

[30] Ferrone PJ, Dutton JJ. Rate of vascularization of coralline hydroxyapatite ocular im‐

[31] Su GW, Yen MT. Current trends in managing the anophthalmic socket after primary enucleation and evisceration. Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery

[32] Jamell GA, Hollsten DA, Hawes MJ, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging versus bone scan for assessment of vascularization of the hydroxyapatite orbital implant. Oph‐

[33] Klapper SR, Jordan D, Punja K, et al. Hydroxyapatite implant wrapping materials: analysis of fibrovascular ingrowth in an animal model. Ophthalmic Plastic and Re‐

[34] Qi-hua X, Chen Z, Jian-gang Z, Da-zhong Z, Yong-qiang Z. Comparison of contrastenhanced ultrasonography and contrast-enhanced MRI for the assessment of vascu‐ larization of hydroxyapatite orbital implants. Clinical Imaging 2014;38:616-620. [35] Dutton JJ. Advances and controversies in ophthalmic plastic surgery: enucleation and evisceration. The 1998 American Academy of Ophthalmology Annual Meeting,

[36] Jordan DR, Chan S, Mawn L, Gilbert S, Dean T, Brownstein S, Hill VE. Complications associated with pegging hydroxyapatite orbital implants. Ophthalmology

mic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 1995;11:89-90.

plants. Ophthalmology 1992;99:376-379.

constructive Surgery 2000;16:278-85.

New Orleans, LA, November 10, 1998.

tor. Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 2014;30:528.

thalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 1996;12:127-130.

97:1347-1351, 1990.

60 Advances in Eye Surgery

2002;18:336-42.

2000;44:277-301.

2004;20:274-280.

1999;106:505-512.

tive Surgery 1997;13:18-20.


[65] Lu L, Shi W, Luo M, Sun Y, Fan X. Repair of exposed hydroxyapatite orbital implants by subconjunctival tissue flaps. Journal of Craniofacial Surgery 2011;22:1452-1456.

[51] Vasquez RJ, Lindberg JV. The anophthalmic socket and prosthetic eye: a clinical and bacteriological study. Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 1989;5:277-280.

[52] Jordan DR. Experience with 130 synthetic hydroxyapatite implants (FCI3). Ophthal‐

[53] Jordan DR, Brownstein S, Dorey MW. Clinicopathologic analysis of 15 explanted hy‐ droxyapatite implants. Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 2004;20(4):

[54] McCarthy RW, Beyer CK, Dallow, et al. Conjunctival cysts of the orbit following enu‐

[55] Sanchez EM, Formento NA, Peres-Lopez M, Jimenez AA. Role of trichloroacetic acid in treating posterior conjunctival cystin anophthalmic socket. Orbit 2009;28:101-103.

[56] Morley AMS, Taban M, Malhorta R, Goldberg R. Use of hyaluronic acid gel for up‐ per eyelid filling and contouring. Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery

[57] Jordan DR, Klapper SR, Gilberg SM, Dutton JJ, Wong A, Mawn L. The bioceramic implant: evaluation of implant exposures in 419 implants. Ophthalmic Plastic and

[58] Custer PL, Kennedy RH, Woog JJ, Kaltreider SA, Meyer DR. Orbital implants in enu‐ cleation surgery. A report by the American Academy of Ophthalmology. Ophthal‐

[59] Suter AJ, Molteno AC, Bevin TH, Fulton JD, Herbison P. Long term follow up of bone derived hydroxyapatite orbital implants. British Journal of Ophthalmology

[60] Kamai S, Kumar S, Goer R. Autologous serum for anterior tissue necrosis after po‐ rous orbital implant. Middle East African Journal of Ophthalmology 2014;21:193-195.

[61] Quarante-Leoni FM, Moretti C, Sposanto S, Nardoni S, Lambiase A, Bonini S. Man‐ agement of porous orbital implants requiring explantation: a clinical and histopatho‐

logical study. Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 2014;30:132-136.

[62] Inkster CF, Ng SG, Leatherbarrow B Primary banked scleral patch graft in the pre‐ vention of exposure of hydroxyapatite orbital implants. Ophthalmology

[63] Lee-Wing MW. Amniotic membrane for repair of exposed hydroxyapatite orbital im‐

[64] Sagoo MS, Olver JM. Autogenous temporalis fascia patch graft for porous polyethy‐ lene (MEDPOR) sphere orbital implant exposure. British Journal of Ophthalmology

plant. Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 2003;19:401-402.

mic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 2001;17 (3):184-190.

cleation. Ophthalmology 1981;88:30-35.

Reconstructive Surgery 2010:26;80-82.

mology 2003;110:2054-2061.

2002;86:1287-1292.

2002;109:389-392.

2004;88:942-946.

285-290.

62 Advances in Eye Surgery

2009;25:440-444.

