**Author details**

are referred to its use as filler in polymer concrete, green concrete or in production of green

**• Banana leaves ashes** had been studied because it's pozzolanic activity which arises from the content of amorphous silica. The banana leaf ash is obtained by burning at a controlled temperature. The use as addition in mortar and concrete for civil structures had some advantages such as a reduction of costs of building materials and the consumption of huge

**• Bamboo leaf** waste was experimentally analyzed because it's pozzolanic property which can be used for introducing this waste in cement composition. The test results shown that in composition of bamboo leaf waste the SiO2 are 78.7%., being a very reactive pozzolan, comparable to silica fume. The blended cements obtained with bamboo leaf waste in a percentage of 10 and 20% showed the same compressive strength as the witness

**• Bagasse ash** is a waste sugar factory and it is used in obtaining blended Portland cements

Natural cellulosic fibers can be used in the design and manufacturing of composite materials. The natural cellulosic fibers are bagasse from sugar cane, banana trunk from the banana plant and coconut coir from the coconut husk. The banana fiber exhibited the highest ash, carbon and cellulose content, hardness and tensile strength, while coconut the highest lignin content [40]. In combination with other additions, the concrete prepared with natural fibers exhibits

The useful life of a material in place, however, is always related to the particular combination of environmental factors to which it is subjected, so that durability, or service life, must always

In the last years, the degradation of environment is more pronounced because the measures of protecting the surrounding natural places were not respected and maybe, not understood. The increase of population, the huge energy which is needed, the development of industrial processes, all these resulted in a higher consumption of natural resources, more wastes and a

New building materials have developed because the new tendencies of obtaining eco-materials and protection of natural resources [42]. There are many years since when the cement industry has incorporated significant quantities of wastes (silica fume, fly ash, blast furnace slag, metakaolin, ceramic waste, etc.) because energetic, economic and environmental protection reasons. In recent years, alternative additions - bagasse ash, bamboo leaf ash, paper sludge, have been studied as components of eco-cements. The new generation of building materials which are combined with different types of wastes can offer a possibility of consuming disposal

[39] or as replacement of cement in concrete in dosages of 10 to 30% of binder.

building materials.

94 Agroecology

cement [37, 38].

good mechanical properties.

be related to the particular conditions involved.

materials and reduce the environment pollution.

**4. Conclusions**

higher pollution [41].

quantities of banana produced every year [36].

Marinela Barbuta1 , Roxana Dana Bucur2 , Sorin Mihai Cimpeanu3 , Gigel Paraschiv4 and Daniel Bucur2

1 "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University in Iasi, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Building Services, Romania


4 University Politehnica of Bucharest, Romania
