**3. Treatment**

There are a wide variety of procedures for achieving volume replacement and facial augmen‐ tation including lifting procedures [7, 8], injectable fillers [9-11], autologous fat transfer [12, 13], and facial implants [14, 15]. Facial implants are an optimum for most patients. The main advantage is that they are a permanent option when compared with fillers; and they are available in many anatomical shapes and sizes. They are easily placed, the recovery is minimal, and they have a low complication rate.

**Autogenous bone and cartilage** have been used to repair traumatic, congenital, and surgical defects of the face. The increased morbidity of the donor site, limited supply, resorption, and migration contributed to decrease in their use. Gold, silver, paraffin, and ivory fell out of favor because of their tissue incompatibility and lack of malleability. Polymeric silicone, polyamide mesh, expanded polytetrafluoroethylene, and high-density polyethylene, replaced the previous materials because of their increased malleability and biocompatibility [16].

**The midface** is the area in which facial implants are more commonly used. Implants in the nasojugal crease are used to correct tear trough deformity. Nasal implants are not widely used, but can be used to correct defects caused by rhinoplasty. Malar and submalar implants (Figure 1) are the most commonly used implants in the midface [17].

**The lower face** is another area where facial implants are frequently used. Chin implants (Figure 2) are one of the most common facial implants performed by cosmetic surgeons [18]. Volume restoration, in addition to the re-suspension and removal of excess tissue, remains the current goal of aesthetic surgery. Facial implants play a major role in volume restoration.
