Preface

Chapter 6 **The Impact of Modern Antiretroviral Therapy on Lipid Metabolism of HIV-1 Infected Patients 129**

**Infection: Towards a Functional Cure 183**

Bydlowski and Celso Spada

**VI** Contents

Ibeh Bartholomew Okechukwu

Chapter 8 **Novel Prospective Treatment Options 209** Jeremiah Stanley and Naoki Yamamoto

Joel da Cunha, Luciana Morganti Ferreira Maselli, Sérgio Paulo

Chapter 7 **Oxidative Stress, Redox Regulation and Elite Controllers of HIV**

This book is a collection of expert assays on various aspects of HIV prevention and treat‐ ment strategies for which there is evident need for scientific focus and review of current trend. The organization of the book is unique and organic because it brings to the fore the implications of HIV basic science, clinical, social and implementation aspects as well as pathogenesis and treatment options as an integral component defining modern therapeutic interventions. A visible objective of the book is to provide a wider readership of scientist, clinicians, social workers/HIV caregivers, trainers and vaccine developers a multidisciplina‐ ry approach to HIV treatment and intervention strategy by presenting current trends in the development of therapeutic options and its attendant challenges. It is of note that the antivi‐ ral drugs currently in use for the management of the infection have shown various haemato‐ logic, viremic and immunologic discordance in response from patients undergoing treatment. Also, this decade has witnessed naturally resistant individuals in different races of the world and an emerging host cellular antiviral proteins as well as the use of specifical‐ ly designed preventive microbicides. Therefore, the chapters are organized from the simple sociological perspective and transmission to the more complex host antiviral proteins, redox activity, global circulating forms and functional cure.

Several factors have limited the success of a vaccine for HIV, including high mutation rates which result in various evasive circulating forms and lack of global immune response elici‐ tation to the viral antigens. It is then obvious that in spite of the progress and huge financial resources from various governments and international agencies dedicated to HIV infection, there are still major challenges facing successful vaccine development, preventive and con‐ trol mechanism of the infection. This book covers major aspects of HIV infection x-raying useful research and intervention approaches, challenges and future dimension of research in the field while bringing to limelight a comprehensive narrative of HIV treatment options.

Sincere appreciation to contributors who have extended full cooperation with the publisher INTECH to present their expert opinion as contained in the book.

> **Ibeh Bartholomew, Ph.D** National Biotechnology Development Agency, Abuja, Nigeria

**HIV Transmission, Distribution, Prevention and Study Appraoch**
