**1. Introduction**

As a result of the review of implementation and research work carried out in the EU countries, aiming to intensify the use of renewable energy processes, it turned out that these works are scattered and do not bring the desired effect, both in terms of environmental and savings of energy conversion. Because of that, it created a vision of the industry based on raw materials of biological origin, which also qualified waste substances from the primary and secondary processes of exploitation and processing of biomass as defined in Directive 28 [1]. The realization of this vision should lead to a transition toward the so-called "post-oil" society through a clear decoupling economic growth from resource depletion and environmental impact.

After consultation carried out in the member states set out the need for separation of a new branch of industry defined as an industry based on raw materials of biological origin ("Biobased Industries"), which should seek to optimize the use of land and food security through sustainable, efficient (effective), raw and largely limiting the amount of waste, industrial processing of European renewable raw materials in a wide range of products of biological origin, such as:


© 2015 The Author(s). Licensee InTech. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Thanks to that, "the bio-industry," which is the main component of the EU economy referred to as "bio-economy" ("bioeconomy"), will play an important role in stimulating sustainable growth and increasing Europe's competitiveness by reindustrialization and the revitalization of rural areas, providing tens of thousands of jobs in the field of research, development, and production over the next decade [3].

The Bioeconomy Program for Europe is going to be an evolutionary program. Expected to develop so-called value chains, the implementation of which will ultimately lead to the creation of so-called biorefinery that a comprehensive and zero-waste will be recycled biomass. The most important technological challenges, political and market, therefore will be prior to commercialization of innovative solutions to full scale. These challenges cannot be overcome by an individual company or dispersed industry, so it is necessary to approach the whole system of management system biomass [4].

This is important because of the need to reverse the current trend of significant bioeconomic investments in non-European regions, where conditions seem to be more attractive. The longterm research and innovation jointly financed by public and private entities can help solve this problem. This process will be implemented through the creation and implementation of appropriate and developed value chains, which will lead to reducing the risk of investment in demonstration projects on the implementation of innovative processes.

As part of the preparatory work for the start-up of the scope of the European bio-economy, there was a plan developed for Strategic Innovation and Research Agenda (SIRA). This document proposes a coherent set of actions that should be implemented through established "Biobased Industry Consortium" (BIC), namely:


Schematically, the areas covered by value chains are shown in Fig.1.

As it can be seen from the schematic products, semi-finished and all residues of the process as a result of the implementation of the objectives set in the value chains should be directed to biorefinery systems, in order to complete the transformation into energy carriers and bio‐ chemicals for various purposes.
