**1. Introduction**

Biofuels are being given serious consideration as potential sources of energy in the future. Due to recent petroleum crisis and unavailability of petroleum diesel, the need for petroleum diesel is increasing day by day hence there is a need to find out an appropriate solution. The use of renewable resources for energy production is a strategic focus of governmen‐ tal institutions to restructure the national energy economies, and many efforts are undertak‐ en to increase the share of renewable energies within the nation; biodiesel is presently the most widely accepted alternative fuel for diesel engines due to its technical, environmen‐ tal and strategic advantages. Biodiesel is known as a carbon neutral fuel because the carbon present in the exhaust is originally fixed in the atmosphere. Moreover, different vegetable oils can be used for biodiesel production like soybean oil, jatropha oil, rapeseed oil, palm seed oil, sunflower oil, corn oil, peanut oil and cottonseed oil in addition to the possibili‐ ty for use of waste cooking oil, and algal species (micro and macroalgae). Compared to fossil-based diesel fuels, biodiesel possesses many advantages such as cleaner engine emissions, biodegradable, renewable and superior lubricating property. However, until now biodiesel is not yet commercialized all over the world. And this may be due to the high cost of the raw material. Biodiesel Free on Board (FOB) costs between 0.65 and 1 U.S. dollars (USD/L). The biodiesel production cost is nearly 1.5–2 times more than petroleum-based diesel depending upon feedstock oils. It is reported that nearly 70%–95% of the total cost of biodiesel production arises from the cost of raw material; i.e., vegetable oil or animal fats. The cost of biodiesel can be reduced if we use available, non-coasted, unused biomass such as non-edible oils as frying oils, acid oils and agriculture waste oils instead of edible oils.

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