**Author details**

Planned undertaking widely reduces capital costs and enables obtaining chemical substances and biofuel production, which fulfill modern engines and heat devices qualitative require‐ ments. That is why it was assumed to build an experimental biorefinery using technology potential of little oil refinery in Poland. Figure 21 shows the technological schema of planned

The essence of planned undertaking is elaboration or selection of suitable technologies of biomass liquefaction by pyrolytic process to "bio-oil" phase. It is also possible to use of gasification processes and then selective liquefaction. In this process, there is expected a technology elaboration, where from the liquid fraction will be selected "non-energetic" substances. Those substances can't be used in further processing like biocomponents, but they could become biorefinery products or industry semiproducts for further synthesis. Refined bio-oil will become resource for obtaining and refining process using existing refinery installations like atmospheric and vacuum distillation, rectification, refinement, thermal and catalytic cracking, alternately reforming, and hydrogen process. After processing remains

Development of technology for biomass conversion in the biorefinery system based on the technology processes and systems of conventional oil refinery will require the realization of

**•** Optimization of biomass and residues pyrolysis processes or new biomass conversion

**•** Adaptation of existing production technologies for converting bio-oil into biofuels, also

biorefinery system.

454 Biofuels - Status and Perspective

**Figure 21.** Diagram of biorefinery based on conventional oil refinery [50]

could become raw material for further synthesis.

research processes in the following main areas:

**•** Technology of production value-added co-products

processes

second-generation biofuels

Krzysztof Biernat1,3\* and Paulina Luiza Grzelak2,3

\*Address all correspondence to: k.biernat@pimot.org.pl

1 Automotive Industry Institute, Warsaw, Poland

2 Motor Transport Institute, Warsaw, Poland

3 Institute for Ecology and Bioethics of Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University, Warsaw, Poland
