**7. Conclusions**

Although not traditionally discussed, the kidneys play a very important role in maintaining glucose homeostasis by gluconeogenesis and glucose reabsorption, the latter being mediated by active (SGLT) and passive (GLUT) transporters. Only recently, excessive renal glucose reabsorption was taken into consideration regarding its importance in the physiopathology of T2DM. In hyperglycemia, the kidneys may play an exacerbating role by reabsorbing excess glucose, bringing their contribution to chronic hyperglycemia. Knowing the kidneys' role in glucose homeostasis and the effect of glucose dysregulation on the kidneys is very important for the optimal management of T2DM and prevention of associated renal complications. The numerous metabolic defects found in T2DM imply the use of several therapies. SGLT2 inhibitors represent a new promising class of drugs for the treatment of T2DM.
