**5. Conclusion**

286 Pesticides in the Modern World - Risks and Benefits

0 0 0 0 0 0 12a

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

\*Values followed by the superscript were not significantly different at the 0.05 level.

laboratory conditions.

Table 4. Efficacy of some antidotes to carbofuran on survivability (%) of Labeo rohita under

Survivability percentage in carbofuran and antidotes Observation at different time intervals (hrs.) Survivability percentage of control Survivability percentage in carbofuran (15 mg a.i./l) Neem (10% w/v)@ 5ml/l Neem (10% w/v)@ 10ml/l Datura@ 2.5ml/l Datura@ 5.0ml/l Kalka@ 0.75ml/l Kalka@ 1.5ml/l 1 2 4 6 12 24 48 72 96 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 25 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 75a

 75a 75a 62a 50b 50b 50b 50b 50b

75a 75a 62a 50b 50b 37c 37c 37c 37c

25a 25a 25a

 12a

Branacin (1975) reported that the degradation of endosulfan took place at high pH and hardness of water but in case of triazophos, its toxicity was increased in similar conditions From the present investigation, it is evident that though, pesticides induced changes of the fish could be improved/protected to a great extent by the application of acetone extract of datura and liming (calcium) up to a certain extent, further investigations are necessary in this regard. Therefore, judicious application of carbofuran in the paddy field to control rice pest and cypermethrin in the pond to control mosquito eggs and Argulus of fish are highly essential for sustainable growth of aquaculture.
