**4.3.2 Application in reclamation: pesticides**

As it has been mentioned before, as well as to obey the maximum admissible values of turbidity and suspended solids, water can be reused if it observes EQSs indicated in the Directive 2008/105/EC and in the Spanish Royal Decree 60/2011 related to hazardous substances.

Specifically regarding to pesticides, maximum admissible concentrations of some of pesticides detected in effluents of studied WWTPs are established in legislation. These values are shown as annual average (AA) and as maximum admissible concentrations (MAC). Values considered in this study are MACs in order to conclude if analyzed waters are suitable or not for reuse with respect to the presence of pesticides.

EQSs to some of detected pesticides in effluents of WWTPs are shown in the table 7.


Table 7. EQSs to some pesticides detected in WWTPs effluents (Directive 2008/105/EC, Royal Decree 60/2011)

In accordance with these values and the concentration of pesticides detected in WWTPs effluents, some conclusions can be extracted:


466 Pesticides in the Modern World - Risks and Benefits

• Recharge of aquifers by located percolation by the ground.

is impeded.

• Silviculture.

be necessary.


next uses:

substances.

Royal Decree 60/2011)

effluents, some conclusions can be extracted:

• Irrigation of private gardens. • Emptying of health apparatus.

**4.3.2 Application in reclamation: pesticides** 

• Cooling towers and evaporative condensers. • Recharge of aquifers by direct injection.

are suitable or not for reuse with respect to the presence of pesticides.

**PESTICIDE EQS-AA** 

• Ponds, water masses and ornamental circulated flows in which the access of people

• Irrigation of forests, green places and of other type which isn't accessible to people.

In order to reuse the water to the rest of uses could be necessary to apply a treatment capable to reduce the turbidity and suspended solids up to limits established in current legislation, except to its industrial use as process and cleaning water in the alimentary and no alimentary industrial for which only a reduction of the turbidity of water would

With respect to the effluent of the last selected WWTP, this could be used without an additonal treatment to the most of contemplated uses: urban, agricultural, industrial, recreational and environmental. Only a subsequent treatment, capable to reduce the turbidity and suspended solids, would be necessary in order to apply this water in the

As it has been mentioned before, as well as to obey the maximum admissible values of turbidity and suspended solids, water can be reused if it observes EQSs indicated in the Directive 2008/105/EC and in the Spanish Royal Decree 60/2011 related to hazardous

Specifically regarding to pesticides, maximum admissible concentrations of some of pesticides detected in effluents of studied WWTPs are established in legislation. These values are shown as annual average (AA) and as maximum admissible concentrations (MAC). Values considered in this study are MACs in order to conclude if analyzed waters

**(**μ**g L-1)** 

In accordance with these values and the concentration of pesticides detected in WWTPs

Chlorfenvinfos 0.1 0.3 Chlorpyrifos 0.03 0.1 Isoproturon 0.3 1.0 Simazine 1.0 4.0 Metholachlor 1.0 No applicable Terbuthylazine 1.0 1.0 Table 7. EQSs to some pesticides detected in WWTPs effluents (Directive 2008/105/EC,

**EQS-MAC (**μ**g L-1)** 

EQSs to some of detected pesticides in effluents of WWTPs are shown in the table 7.

Due to the presence of pesticides this water couldn't be reused without applying an additional treatment.

Detected concentrations of terbuthylazine and isoproturon exceed the maximum admissible concentrations indicated in the current legislation, therefore it is necessary to apply a treatment capable to degrade partially these pesticides in order to reuse this water. In this water, prometon is detected too but to this pesticide, an EQS isn't indicated.


The effluent of this WWTP could be reused without any additional treatment taking into account the presence of pesticides.

In this water, only chlorpyrifos is detected but its concentration doesn't exceed the maximum admissible one indicated in the legislation.


In the case of this WWTP, the water couldn't be reused as is therefore an additional treatment would be necessary for this.

The addtional treatment had to reduce the concentration of terbuthylazine of the water because detected concentration of this pesticide exceedes the corresponding EQS. In this water other pesticides are detected, chlorfenvinfos, simazine and dimethoathe. However, detected concentration of chlorfenfinfos and simazine don't exceed the EQSs and for dimethote, any EQS is established.


Regarding to the presence of pesticides, this water could be reused without treating it previously.

In this effluent, some pesticides are detected by in any case the EQSs are exceeded or there aren't EQSs indicated in the legislation to these pesticides. 3,4-dichloroaniline, terbutryn and metholaclor are detected but these pesticides aren't comtemplated in the EQSs of the legistación. Terbuthylazina is detected too, but the detected concentration doesn't exceed the maximum admissible concentration legislated.


This effluent could be reused as is with respect to the presence of pesticides.

Only dimethoathe is detected in this WWTP effluent but this pesticide isn't considered in the EQSs in the current legislation.
