Contents

#### **Preface XIII**

	- **Part 2 Environmental Impacts of Pesticides 127**

X Contents


Contents VII

Chapter 20 **Camouflage of Seeds, a Control Method** 

and Álvaro Fernando de Almeida

Stephen Kudom Donyinah

**and Ground Water 411** 

Chapter 24 **Transport of Carbon Tetrachloride** 

Chapter 25 **Study of the Presence of Pesticides**

Chapter 26 **Interactions Between Ionic Pesticides** 

Chapter 21 **Geochemical Indicators** 

Feza Geyikçi

**Part 3 Pesticides Mobility, Transport and Fate 391**

Chapter 22 **Pesticides and Their Movement Surface Water**

Benjamin Mapani and Rainer Ellmies

**in Treated Urban Wastewaters 453**

Jorge Rodríguez and José L. Ovelleiro

Chapter 27 **Behavior and Fate of Imidacloprid in Croatian** 

Chapter 28 **Effects of Low-Molecular-Weight-Organic-Acids on the Release Kinetic of Organochlorine** 

**Pesticides from Red Soil 519**

Chapter 29 **Fate of Pesticides in Soils:** 

**of the Bird Mortality in Grain Crops 363** 

Alexandre de Almeida, Hilton Thadeu Zarate do Couto

**of Organo-Chloro Pesticides in Lake Sediments 393**

Chapter 23 **Should We Be Concerned with Long-Term Health Problems** 

**in a Karst Aquifer in a Northern City, China 435**  Baoping Han, Xueqiang Zhu, Zongping Pei and Xikun Liu

María P. Ormad, Natividad Miguel, Rosa Mosteo,

**and Model Systems for Soil Fractions 471**  Florencio Arce, Ana C. Iglesias, Rocío López, Dora Gondar, Juan Antelo and Sarah Fiol

Dalibor Broznić, Jelena Marinić and Čedomila Milin

Zhao Zhenhua, Xia Liling, Wang Fang and Jiang Xin

**Olive Orchard Soils Under Laboratory Conditions 489** 

**Toward an Integrated Approach of Influential Factors 535** 

Christian Mougin, Pierre Benoit, Enrique Barriuso and Sylvie Nélieu

Véronique Chaplain, Laure Mamy, Laure Vieublé-Gonod,

**Associated with Pesticides in Namibian Groundwater? 423** 


#### Chapter 17 **Is Pesticide Use Sustainable in Lowland Rice Intensification in West Africa? 311**  F. E. Nwilene, A. Togola, O. E. Oyetunji, A. Onasanya, G. Akinwale, E. Ogah, E. Abo, M. Ukwungwu, A. Youdeowei and N. Woin



VI Contents

Chapter 9 **Environmental Impact and Remediation** 

Arna Shab and Catharina Crößmann

Leandro Negro, Eloisa Senkman, Marcela Montagna and Pablo Collins

Chapter 12 **Effects of Pesticides on Marine Bivalves:** 

Chapter 14 **Using Zooplankton,** *Moina Micrura* **Kurz** 

Chapter 13 **Immunotoxicological Effects of Environmental** 

Chapter 11 **Freshwater Decapods and Pesticides:**

Eton Codling

T. Renault

Chapter 17 **Is Pesticide Use Sustainable** 

Shunichi Kubota

**of Residual Lead and Arsenic Pesticides in Soil 169**

**An Unavoidable Relation in the Modern World 197**

**What Do We Know and What Do We Need to Know? 227** 

**Contaminants in Teleost Fish Reared for Aquaculture 241** 

Chuleemas Boonthai Iwai, Atcharaporn Somparn and Barry Noller

**Antidote to Counteract the Toxic Effects of Cypermethrin and Carbofuran in Indian Major Carp, Labeo Rohita 281**  Subhendu Adhikari, Amita Chattopadhyay and Biplab Sarkar

Alberto Cuesta, José Meseguer and M. Ángeles Esteban

**to Evaluate the Ecotoxicology of Pesticides Used in Paddy Fields of Thailand 267**

Chapter 15 **Application of Some Herbal Extracts and Calcium as an** 

Chapter 16 **Semi Aquatic Top-Predators as Sentinels of Diversity** 

Chapter 18 **Transgenic Pesticidal Crops and the Environment:** 

Chapter 19 **Colony Elimination of Subterranean Termites** 

**and Dynamics of Pesticides in Aquatic Food Webs: The Case of Eurasian Otter (***Lutra lutra***) and Osprey (***Pandion haliaetus***) in Loire River Catchment, France 289** 

Charles Lemarchand, René Rosoux and Philippe Berny

**The Case of Bt Maize and Natural Enemies 321** Dennis Ndolo Obonyo and John B. Ochanda Ogola

**with Special Reference to Bistrifluron 347** 

**in Lowland Rice Intensification in West Africa? 311**

F. E. Nwilene, A. Togola, O. E. Oyetunji, A. Onasanya, G. Akinwale, E. Ogah, E. Abo, M. Ukwungwu, A. Youdeowei and N. Woin

**by Bait Application Using Benzoylphenylurea Compounds,**

Chapter 10 **Arsenic – Pesticides with an Ambivalent Character 181**

#### **Part 3 Pesticides Mobility, Transport and Fate 391**


Preface

Volume 3 of the book series "Pesticides in the Modern World" is a compilation of 29 chapters focused on: pesticides and food production, environmental effects of

The first book section (Chapters 1-6) addresses the benefits of the pest control for crop protection and food supply increasing, but also the associated risks of food contamination. The advantages and the disadvantages of pesticides using in modern agriculture, and the effectiveness of their alternatives are comprehensively reviewed in Chapter 1. The objective of Chapter 2 is to assess the impacts of agrochemicals application on plants' pests and of some essential production factors on the quality of the vegetables produced in African urban settings. Chapter 3 reports research results on the efficacy of the insecticides imidacloprid, thiamethoxam, clothianidin, methidathion and fenobucarb and of their mixtures against the citrus psyllid on citrus plants in Vietnam. Chapter 4 examines the use of pesticides in cocoa production in Ghana, demonstrates that the current unsustainable agricultural practices create environmental and economic risks, and identifies improvement options. Chapter 5 provides data on industrial chemicals and organochlorine pesticides contamination of food. Chapter 6 documents the contamination of bee products with pesticides and

The second book section (Chapters 7-20) is dedicated to the environmental pesticides impacts. Chapter 7 comments on a number of pesticides ecological effects such as: effects involving pollinators, effects on nutrient cycling in ecosystems, effects on soil erosion, structure and fertility, and effects on water quality. The impacts of the pesticides in agricultural ecosystems, in terms of pesticides resistance development are discussed in Chapter 8. The occurrence of the inorganic pesticide lead arsenate in the environment, the pathways of its uptake, the methods for lead and arsenic toxicity assessment, and the contaminated soil remediation constitute the subject of Chapter 9.

Chapters 11-13 covers the genotoxic and immunotoxic effects of pesticides on the aquatic fauna: decapods, bivalves, and teleost fish. Using zooplancton to evaluate the ecotoxicity of the main pesticide applied in paddy field is discussed in Chapter 14. Investigations on the capacity of some herbal extracts and calcium to counteract the

The effects of arsenic exposure are commented in details in Chapter 10.

pesticides, and pesticides mobility, transport and fate.

presents information on the sources of contamination.
