**Preface** XIII


X Contents


Contents VII

Chapter 17 **Effect of the Er, Cr: YSGG Laser** 

Foued Ben Ayed

Chapter 19 **Fracture Mechanisms of**

**Parameters on Shear Bond Strength** 

Chapter 18 **Elaboration and Characterization of Calcium** 

Mitsugu Todo and Tetsuo Takayama

**Part 3 Evaluation of the Interaction and** 

Chapter 20 **Cell Adhesion and Spreading on an** 

Chapter 21 **A Preliminary In Vivo Study on the**

Cao Zhengbing and Cai Lihui

Chapter 22 **Histopatological Effect Characteristics of**

Chapter 23 **Facial Remodelling and Biomaterial 445**  G. Fini, L.M. Moricca, A. Leonardi, S. Buonaccorsi and V. Pellacchia

Chapter 24 **Biomaterials in Urology -**

Philippe Courtois

**Part 4 Prevention and Management of Biological**

Chapter 25 *Candida* **Biofilms on Oral Biomaterials 475**

**and Microstructure on Human Dentin Surface 347**  Eun Mi Rhim, Sungyoon Huh, Duck Su Kim, Sun-Young Kim,

**Phosphate Biomaterial for Biomedical Applications 357** 

**Compatibility of Biomaterials with Biological Media 395** 

Su-Jin Ahn, Kyung Lhi Kang and Sang Hyuk Park

**Biodegradable PLA and PLA/PCL Blends 375** 

**Intrinsically Anti-Adhesive PEG Biomaterial 397** Marga C. Lensen, Vera A. Schulte and Mar Diez

**Used in Polymeric Biomaterial Production 425** 

**Phenomena at Biomaterial/Cell Surfaces 457**

Dirk Lange, Chelsea N. Elwood and Ben H. Chew

**A Rational Approach to Ureteral Stent Design 459** 

**Beyond Drug Eluting and Degradable -** 

**Histocompatibility of Silk Fibroin 415**  Lu Yan, Zhao Xia, Shao Zhengzhong,

**Various Biomaterials and Monomers** 

Serpil Ünver Saraydin and Dursun Saraydin

Chapter 15 **The Use of Vibration Principles to Characterize the Mechanical Properties of Biomaterials 299**  Osvaldo H. Campanella, Hartono Sumali, Behic Mert and Bhavesh Patel

Marta Corno, Fabio Chiatti, Alfonso Pedone and Piero Ugliengo

Chapter 16 **The Effects of Endurance Running Training on Young Adult Bone: Densitometry vs. Biomaterial Properties 329**  Tsang-Hai Huang, Ming-Yao Chang, Kung-Tung Chen, Sandy S. Hsieh and Rong-Sen Yang


VI Contents

Chapter 8 **Decellularization, Stabilization and**

Chapter 9 **Research on Mg-Zn-Ca Alloy** 

Chapter 11 **Charge Transport and Electrical** 

**Functionalization of Collagenous Tissues Used as Cardiovascular Biomaterials 159** 

Chapter 10 **Biomechanical Properties of Synovial Fluid in/Between Peripheral Zones of Articular Cartilage 207** Miroslav Petrtyl, Jaroslav Lisal and Jana Danesova

**Switching in Composite Biopolymers 225**

**Adhesives – Composition and Adhesive Properties of the Material Coating the Cuvierian Tubules** 

Yong Y. Peng, Veronica Glattauer, Timothy D. Skewes, Jacinta F. White, Kate M. Nairn, Andrew N. McDevitt, Christopher M. Elvin, Jerome A. Werkmeister, Lloyd D. Graham and John A.M. Ramshaw

**Nano-Fibrous Elastic Materials from Collagen 259** 

**as Degradable Biomaterial 183** B.P. Zhang, Y. Wang and L. Geng

**Part 2 Biomechanical and Physical Studies 205**

Gabriel Katana and Wycliffe Kipnusu

**Expelled by** *Holothuria dofleinii* **245**

Chapter 13 **Mechanical and Biological Properties of Bio-Inspired**

Ryohei Okahashi and Masanobu Munekata

**and Bioglass®: How Computational Science Sheds Light on Biomaterials 275**

Chapter 15 **The Use of Vibration Principles to Characterize**

Osvaldo H. Campanella, Hartono Sumali,

**the Mechanical Properties of Biomaterials 299**

**Densitometry vs. Biomaterial Properties 329** Tsang-Hai Huang, Ming-Yao Chang, Kung-Tung Chen,

Nobuhiro Nagai, Ryosuke Kubota,

Chapter 14 *In Silico* **Study of Hydroxyapatite**

Marta Corno, Fabio Chiatti, Alfonso Pedone and Piero Ugliengo

Behic Mert and Bhavesh Patel

**Training on Young Adult Bone:**

Sandy S. Hsieh and Rong-Sen Yang

Chapter 16 **The Effects of Endurance Running**

Chapter 12 **Biomimetic Materials as Potential Medical**

Birzabith Mendoza-Novelo and Juan Valerio Cauich-Rodríguez

Preface

Scientists who dedicate their research activity to biomaterials pass through the typical dichotomy that often characterizes the basic researc. On one side is the wish of exploring new frontiers of chemistry, physics, biology, medicine, pharmaceutics and all other disciplines to which biomaterials can be applied. The constantly improving scientific knowledge would feed the freedom of attempting new strategies for producing materials with always tailored and improved characteristics. On the other side, one should one have a look to the different 'official' definitions given for biomaterials. It is evident how the restriction imposed by words would limit the fantasy and effectiveness of fundamental scientific research. Just as an examplebiomaterials are defined as a 'nonviable material used in a medical device, intended to interact with biological systems ' (Consensus Conference of the European Society for Biomaterials, 1986), or as 'any substance (other than a drug) or combination of substances, synthetic or natural in origin, which can be used (…) as a whole or as a part of a system which treats, augments, or replaces any tissue, organ, or function of the body (NIH), or even 'a systematically and pharmacologically inert substance designed for implantation within or incorporation with living systems' (Clemson University Advisory Board for Biomaterials). Essentially, the only common property is that a biomaterial would be different from a biological material, that is produced by a biological system. Clearly, none of the proposed definitions can succeed to cover the whole landscape of properties and applications of these peculiar compounds, but they can only enlighten a particular aspect of their potentials. A similar situation can be applied for nanomedicine – a research field with which the field of biomaterials actually often shares technologies and applications – and for which is the gap between

'official' definitions and the originality of published researches even larger.

These considerations have been one of the basis of the present editorial task, that will comprehend three volumes focused on the recent developments and applications of biomaterials. These books collect review articles, original researches and experimental reports from eminent experts from all over the word, who have been working in this scientific area for a long time. The chapters are covering the interdisciplinary arena which is necessary for an effective development and usage of biomaterials. Contributors were asked to give their personal and recent experience on biomaterials, regardless any specific limitation due to fit into one definition or the other. In our
