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**12** 

**Biomimetic Materials as Potential Medical** 

**Properties of the Material Coating the Cuvierian** 

Novel, distinct adhesive systems have been described for a wide range of marine species (Kamino, 2008). These highly effective, natural materials provide a link between biological science and material science, and can serve as models on which new, bioinspired synthetic materials could be based. These various adhesive systems have developed independently, on many occasions, and provide a wide range of opportunities for the development of new, biologically-inspired adhesives. The natural adhesives include, for example, the marine mussel (*Mytilus sp.*) (Lin et al., 2007), barnacle (Nakano et al., 2007) and stickleback (Jones et al., 2001) adhesives, which are protein-based, as well as sponge, certain algal and marine

In the present paper, we examine the adhesive system found associated with the Cuvierian tubules of a holothurian species (sea cucumber), *Holothuria dofleinii*. This is an example of the particularly rapid marine adhesive that is found on the surface of Cuvierian tubules when they are expelled (DeMoor et al., 2003; Müller et al., 1972; VandenSpiegel & Jangoux, 1987). The unique nature of this natural adhesive system, especially its rapid action under water, has suggested that if the mechanism can be understood, then it may prove to be possible to mimic the adhesive through biotechnology and/or synthetic chemistry. An adhesive that functions readily in an aqueous environment would be particularly valuable, especially in medical applications, as the majority of existing adhesives bind to dry surfaces

Cuvierian tubules provide a host defence mechanism for certain species of holothurians (Lawrence, 2001; VandenSpiegel & Jangoux, 1987). It has long been known that, on expulsion, the Cuvierian tubules fill with liquid and lengthen, become sticky and rapidly

*1CSIRO Materials Science and Engineering, Bayview Avenue, Clayton, VIC 3169, Australia 2CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research, Middle Street, Cleveland, QLD 4163, Australia 3CSIRO Livestock Industries, Carmody Road, St Lucia, QLD 4067, Australia* 

*4CSIRO Food and Nutritional Sciences, Julius Ave, North Ryde, NSW 2113 ,Australia1*

bacterial adhesives (Mancuso-Nichols et al., 2009) that are polysaccharide-based.

more strongly than the same surfaces when wet.

**1. Introduction**

**Adhesives – Composition and Adhesive** 

**Tubules Expelled by** *Holothuria dofleinii*

 1Yong Y. Peng1, Veronica Glattauer1, Timothy D. Skewes2, Jacinta F. White1, Kate M. Nairn1, Andrew N. McDevitt3,

> Christopher M. Elvin3, Jerome A. Werkmeister1, Lloyd D. Graham4 and John A.M. Ramshaw1

