**6. Conclusion**

Yeasts belonging to the *Candida* genus usually colonize the human oral cavity. *In vivo* and *in vitro* studies have shown *Candida* incorporation into biofilms covering different biomaterials and devices such as dentures. These biofilms may indicate an increased risk factor for invasive candidosis when the host immune system is compromised. Daily denture brushing is recommended to all denture (and other device) wearers in order to prevent the development of *Candida* biofilm. Family members and healthcare workers must assume this task when there is a deficiency in dexterity and/or a loss of autonomy, especially in elderly and disabled persons. In case of candidosis in denture-wearers, decontamination of dentures is mandatory. Antimycotics such as azoles or nystatin must be reserved for curative treatment of infected patients; they are less active against *Candida* biofilms on dentures and could lead to emergent resistance if applied daily to dentures in order to prevent yeast colonization. Nevertheless, few studies, if any, integrate all aspects of denture care: welfare of denture-wearers, prevention of candidosis, biomaterial defects after decontamination processing, and possible *Candida* biofilm development. Daily brushing of dentures remains the key recommendation. A better understanding of *Candida* biology in the oral environment will provide new tools to control *Candida* biofilms, the possible development of more appropriate biomaterials for dentistry (or surface improvements), and better management of biomaterial use in the oral cavity. Further investigations in this field will require cooperation among dentists, biologists, and engineers.
