**7.2 New tools to study the behavioral ecology of the animal**

Biologging research started in the 1960s' and 1970s' (Koyman, 2004) and has expanded substantially in the last 20 years. With the advances of computer technologies, these devices have become lighter and smaller, while their function improved greatly and memory capacity (e.g. allowing increased sampling frequency). The sensors on the device, such as oxygen content, pH, stomach temperature meters, have also increased substantially. In addition, the development of software to analyze the large quantity of data allows scientists to conduct more sophisticated research on the behavior of large animals, and to an extent on small animals as well (e.g. jellyfish; Lilley et al., 2009). With more accuracy in the data and improvement in the software to analyze the relevant environmental information, the researchers can obtain important details of animal behavior in the wild. These kinds of device act as diaries that faithfully record the animal's activities during the deployment

chemical and biological oceanographic information, and to determine their relationships, basically using mapping. For example Halpin et al. (2006) developed the OBIS-SEAMAP (Ocean Biogeographic Information System-Spatial Ecological Analysis of Marine Megavetebrate Animal Population) system in 2002, and they post the migration routes of marine animals at large scales on ocean and weather feature maps in order to understand the dynamics of animal populations. That not only serves research on animal biogeography, but acts as a reference tool for resource management, marine conservation and popular science education. Despite the fact that this system is still in the promotion stage, many

The effect of global climate changes on living organisms and ecosystems has become one of the major scientific and social issues in recent years. For the marine environment, the rise in temperature will change wind patterns and influence both marine productivity and the survival of sea turtle populations (Reina et al., 2009). Besides, global climate change will also influence surface current patterns. This will influence the foraging behavior of sea turtles and the quality of their nesting environments, influencing the migration routes and behaviors of sea turtles (Hawkes et al., 2009). Thus, long-term application of satellite telemetry and relevant ocean features will provide valuable information on how sea turtles come to cope with the ever changing environment. Because the influence of global climate change is more pronounced in higher latitude regions than at lower latitudes, the leatherback turtle appears to be an excellent candidate for this kind of study. Leatherback turtles forage near the polar region and nest in tropical continents (López-Mendilaharsu et

Biologging is a miniature self-recording device that attaches to an animal, records its behavior, physiological condition and nearby environmental information (Rutz and Hays, 2009). The collected data either transmits via antenna or is stored and decoded after the device is retrieved. Because it is not necessary to observe the animal directly, these devices are usually used to study animal behaviors that are difficult to track, especially those of

Biologging research started in the 1960s' and 1970s' (Koyman, 2004) and has expanded substantially in the last 20 years. With the advances of computer technologies, these devices have become lighter and smaller, while their function improved greatly and memory capacity (e.g. allowing increased sampling frequency). The sensors on the device, such as oxygen content, pH, stomach temperature meters, have also increased substantially. In addition, the development of software to analyze the large quantity of data allows scientists to conduct more sophisticated research on the behavior of large animals, and to an extent on small animals as well (e.g. jellyfish; Lilley et al., 2009). With more accuracy in the data and improvement in the software to analyze the relevant environmental information, the researchers can obtain important details of animal behavior in the wild. These kinds of device act as diaries that faithfully record the animal's activities during the deployment

research teams have published their results using this system.

**7.2 New tools to study the behavioral ecology of the animal** 

**6.4 Global climate change effects** 

al., 2009).

**7. Biologging 7.1 Definition** 

endangered species.

period and lead to possible explanations. Therefore, an entire field has opened in biologging research (e.g. Rutz and Hays, 2009). For example, Hochscheid et al. (2010) found, based on the diving data from SRDL, that the extended surface drifting period of the loggerheads in the Mediterranean is related to breathing and the absorption of solar energy to assist in digestion and to increase body temperature for deep dives.

Biologging-related research has increased substantially since the First International Symposium on Biologging Science in 2003. Because biologging systems allow us to record much unnoticed behavior, it cans both determine the relationship between the animal behavior and the environment and bring new explanatory power to the field of behavioral ecology (Cheng, 2010). Sea turtles are oceanic migratory animals and are difficult to track directly. Thus, one can use biologging data to obtain much greater understanding of sea turtle behavior in the wild.
