**Meet the editor**

Dr Shailendra K. Saxena is a Medical Microbiologist at CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB) in India. The main research interests of his group are to understand the epidemiology and molecular mechanisms of host-defense during human viral infections and to develop new predictive, preventive and therapeutic strategies for them using JEV and HIV as a model. His

research work has been published in various high impact factor journals with high citation. He has received many awards and honors in India and abroad including various Young Scientist Awards, BBSRC India Partnering Award and named as "Global Leader in Science" by The Scientist magazine (USA).

Contents

**Preface VII**

**Section 1 Viral Infectious Diseases 1**

Chambo Filho

**Section 2 Bacterial Infectious Diseases 45**

Ramesh Chandra Rai

**Global Impact 89**

**Diseases 87**

Silpi Basak and Monali N. Rajurkar

**tuberculosis pathogenesis 73**

Vallejo-Ruíz and Julio Reyes-Leyva

**on Global Health 3**

Chapter 1 **Japanese Encephalitis: A Neglected Viral Disease and Its Impact**

Chapter 2 **Oral HPV Related Diseases: A Review and an Update 17**

Chapter 3 **Newer β-Lactamases and E.coli — A Cause of Concern 47**

**Section 3 Molecular Diagnostics and Stewardship for Infectious**

Chapter 5 **Molecular Diagnostics as an Indispensable Tool for the**

**Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases of Viral Origin and**

Nora Rosas-Murrieta, Irma Herrera-Camacho, Lourdes Millán-Pérez-Peña, Francisca Sosa-Jurado, Gerardo Santos-López, Verónica

Chapter 4 **Convergence of host immune mechanisms in Mycobacterium**

Shailendra K. Saxena, Parth T. Agrawal and Madhavan P.N. Nair

Helena Lucia Barroso dos Reis, Silvia Paula de Oliveira, Danielle Resende Camisasca, Juliana Bittencourt Pessoa, Ana Beatriz Azevedo Queiroz, Mauro Romero Leal Passos, Philippe Godefroy, Dennis de Carvalho Ferreira, Thais Camporez Pimentel and Antonio
