**3. Conclusion**

Over the last years numerous studies summerised polymeric NPs focused on different routes of insulin delivery. The association of insulin with NP formulations designed to protect insulin from degradation and enhance its uptake in the ileum. However, more research in this area is needed to achieve the goal that has plagued researchers for many decades. At any rate, polymeric NPs for routes of insulin delivery seems to be the better alternative compared to others.

glucose excursions in pediatric type 1 diabetes. Diabetes technology & therapeutics

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