**Author details**

Bo Chen1 , Bin Mao1 , Shu Huang1 , Ya Zhou1 , Kohichiro Tsuji1 and Feng Ma1,2\*

\*Address all correspondence to: mafeng@hotmail.co.jp

1 Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, China

2 Division of Stem Cell Processing, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan

## **References**


opment mature tryptase/chymase double positive connective tissue-type mast cells from primate ES cells. *StemCells* 2008; 26 (3): 706-714

**3.** The new concept and theory should be introduced to conduct the research of hESC-

According to the recent researches by Deng and other group [138, 139], the pluripotency of stem cells is only the balance between several transcription factor groups controlling layer lineage differentiation. Their finding denied the existence of special pluripotent factors and showed that maintenance of ESC/iPSCs may be only because that all the way to any differen‐ tiation direction has been blocked by mutually antagonistic lineage specifiers [140]. Such concept may also help us to uncover the controlling balance by some specifiers in early hematopoiesis, especially for those controlling primitive and definitive ones. Since we always try to obtain more definitive blood cells for clinic application, to discover the key factor leading to definitive hematopoiesis is a challenging task to do. Moreover, how to define and describe

the essence of HSCs at molecular level is also an issue need to be re-addressed.

, Ya Zhou1

, Kohichiro Tsuji1

1 Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union

2 Division of Stem Cell Processing, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine,

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[3] Ma F, Wang D, Hanada S, Ebihara Y, Kawasaki H, Zaike Y, Heike T, Nakahata T, Tsuji K. Novel method for efficient production of multipotential hematopoietic pro‐

[4] Ma F, Kambe N, Wang D, Shinoda G, Fujino H, Umeda K, Fujisawa A, Ma L, Sue‐ mori H, Nakatsuji N, Miyachi Y, Torii R, Tsuji K, Heike T, Nakahata T. Direct devel‐

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**Author details**

, Bin Mao1

Medical College, Chengdu, China

282 (5391): 1145-7.

tors. *Cell* 2007;131 (5): 861-72.

, Shu Huang1

\*Address all correspondence to: mafeng@hotmail.co.jp

Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan

Bo Chen1

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**Section 3**

**Technical Advances in the Culture and Use of**

**Induced Pluripotent and Embryonic Stem Cells**

**Technical Advances in the Culture and Use of Induced Pluripotent and Embryonic Stem Cells**

**Chapter 5**

**Generation and Maintenance of iPSCs From CD34+Cord**

Cord blood (CB) cells are commonly used for the treatment of leukemia and inherited metabolic diseases. To date, more than 20,000 bone marrow transplants have been performed on children and adults with cord blood cells, and There are more than 450,000 HLA-defined CB collections stored frozen cryoperserved form in more than 50 units public CB banks and more than 2,000 CB transplants are being performed world-wide per year. CB cells are the youngest somatic cells and in theory have no post natal DNA damage such as caused by UV or chemical irritant exposure. Therefore, our previous study thought that use to the ability to cryopreserve CB HSC long-term in bank, which conferring a unique advantage to CB cell as a suitable material for generating induced pluripotent stem (iPSC) cells for future clinical use.[1]

iPSC should be generated with methods that do not require integration of exogenous DNA, thereby reducing the chance of tumorigenicity caused by random chromosomal insertion of exogenous genes. Several non-integrating reprogramming methods using EBNA basedplasmids vector [2, 3, 4, 5], piggy-back transposons [6, 7], human artificial chromosome vectors [8], small peptides [9, 10], mRNA [11] and proteins [12] have been reported. Among the vectors employed for these experiments, the Sendai virus (SeV) vector (that lacks a DNA phase) is recognized as a potent reagent for reprogramming of somatic cells [13-15]. However, complete elimination of the SeV construct carrying reprogramming factors is a key issue to assure three germ layer differentiation of individual cells. The presence of residual reprogramming factors in transfected cells could impede differentiation and contribute to formation of tumors after implantation. Therefore, the possible presence of the SeV construct should be checked at a

> © 2014 The Author(s). Licensee InTech. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

**Blood Cells on Artificial Cell Attachment Substrate**

Naoki Nishishita, Takako Yamamoto,

Shin Kawamata

**1. Introduction**

http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/58591

Chiemi Takenaka, Marie Muramatsu and

Additional information is available at the end of the chapter
