**Acknowledgements**

This work was partially supported by research grants 38/96, 28/98, 26/2000, F.4.15 and F-5-31 from Committee for Coordination of Science and Technology Development (CCSTD) of the Republik of Uzbekistah. We thank Dr. Svetlana Polyarush and Artyom Maknyov for their help in design of the chapter.

## **Author details**

Marina Sanamyan, Julia Petlyakova, Emma Rakhmatullina and Elnora Sharipova

National University of Uzbekistan, Department of Biology and Soil, Cotton Genetics Laboratory, Uzbekistan

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**Chapter 11**

**Cotton Germplasm Collection of Uzbekistan**

Mirzakamol Ayubov, Mukhtor Darmanov, Azoda T. Adylova, Sofiya M. Rizaeva, Fayzulla Abdullaev, Shadman Namazov, Malohat Khalikova, Hakimjon Saydaliev, Viktor A. Avtonomov,

Marina Snamyan, Tillaboy K. Duiesenov, Jura Musaev,

Additional information is available at the end of the chapter

http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/58590

**1. Introduction**

812 kg/ha in 2013/14 [1; 5].

Abdumavlyan A. Abdullaev and Abdusattor Abdukarimov

Uzbekistan, the northernmost cotton growing country, is the sixth largest cotton producer and the second largest cotton exporter in the world [1] with annual production of 0.85-1.0 million metric tons of fibre valued at ~US\$0.9 to 1.2 billion [1; 2]. Cotton is grown in ~30% of all lands available for crop cultivation in the country. Uzbekistan's cotton lint fibre yield was close to the world average of 753 kg/ha in 2010/11 [4] and was estimated at 804 kg/ha in 2012/13 and

Cotton farming is affected by commonly observed cotton pathogens and pests, as well as major environmental stress factors (salinity, drought, heat, etc.) that greatly impacts the quality and yield characteristics of cotton cultivars. Therefore, the major objectives of the cotton breeding programs of Uzbekistan are the improvement of cotton fibre quality, lint yield, agronomic productivity, maturity,and resistance to various diseases, pests and abiotic stresses. During the past century of cotton production Uzbekistan prioritized and promoted cotton research and farming methods that resulted in increased cotton farming expertise, and the breeding of highly adapted, very-early maturing cotton cultivars suitable to be grown in the northern latitudes and arid zones [6; 7; 8]. This led to the development of a large number of cotton

> © 2014 The Author(s). Licensee InTech. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Ibrokhim Y. Abdurakhmonov, Alisher Abdullaev, Zabardast Buriev, Shukhrat Shermatov, Fahriddin N. Kushanov, Abdusalom Makamov, Umid Shapulatov, Sharof S. Egamberdiev, Ilkhom B. Salakhutdinov,
