**2. Micromechatronics for industrial and research applications**

In micro scale, the important technologies are Micro Machine, Micro Mechatronics, Micro Fabrication and Assembly for micromechatronics Recently, borderless applications are investigated such as Micro Biology, Wet Mechatronics, Micro Total Analysis System, Micro Medical Engineering, and Regenerative Medical Engineering Some examples of micro devices mainly in research field are micro‐actuator [3] , micro‐ink‐jet head [4] , micro‐force sensor [5] , micro‐tactile sensor[6] , micro‐fuel battery[7] , micro fluidics device[8] , blood vessel simulator [9] , and so on.

**Figure 4.** Green and life innovations based on micro-nano mechatronics


**Figure 5.** Blood vessel simulator and surgical operation system

In medical applications, surgical supporting or simulating technologies are important We developed the Patient blood vessel simulator "EVE (Endo Vascular Educator)" as challenging the frontier of the surgical simulation since 1989 This simulator is fabricated and assembled

Research and Technology on Micro-Nano Mechatronics 5

Recently, we have interests to realize the "In vitro" realization of "In vivo" environment For the purpose, it is needed to understand our biological system in detail The investigation approach using micro/nano devices can measure and control inside "In vivo" biological system Moreover, "In vitro" constructions and measurements of biological system can reveal it clearly in single/multiple cell It is quite important for the significant improvement of regeneration engineering/biology, inducing the evaluation of clinical condition of blood vessel We have been worked blood vessel simulator and surgical operation system to improve and integrate for the "In vivo" realization Based on the EVE system, we are trying to develop novel type of surgical simulation system with the "In vitro" realization of "In vivo" environment The human cells can be used to construct as blood vessel or other organs including diseases by 3D cell assembly technique The surgical simulator can be integrated with micro‐nano sensors and

based on the micro‐fabrication technologies of rapid prototyping technique [9] .

**Table 1.** Challenges for green innovation by micro-nano mechatronics


**Table 2.** Challenges for life innovation by micro-nano mechatronics

**Figure 5.** Blood vessel simulator and surgical operation system

**Figure 4.** Green and life innovations based on micro-nano mechatronics

Biomedical Engineering

4

**Green innovation Technological Challenges**

**Table 1.** Challenges for green innovation by micro-nano mechatronics

**Life innovation TechnologicalChallenges**

**Table 2.** Challenges for life innovation by micro-nano mechatronics

Natural Resources Micro/nano devices for Discovery of oil resource, Management of water

Micro-Nano Mechatronics — New Trends in Material, Measurement, Control, Manufacturing and Their Applications in

Environmental Pollution Monitor, control and management of Environment, Distributed sensing &

Energy Development Energy saving, harvesting and alternatives , Energy grid and

Food and Agriculture Safety, testing and tracing, Efficient harvesting, nutritious products, genetically‐modified products, etc

Medicine for life Inspection and diagnosis , Re‐generative medicine, Gene therapy and life

Biology–Analysis and Synthesis Sensing , manipulation and automation, New species, DNA diagnosis &

resources, Prevention of forest destruction, etc

control, Pollution control, Green vehicle, etc

management, Power control and green electronics, etc

science, monitoring diseases, Neuro Science, In‐situ diagnostics, Cell diagnosis and surgery, New drug and medicine, DDS, Minimally invasive surgery, Rehabilitation, Techno‐care, Wearable robots, Cyborg, QoL, etc

manipulation, Cell screening, transport, cultivation, and function and differentiation control, Artificial cell, Life in chip, Cloning of stem cells, etc In medical applications, surgical supporting or simulating technologies are important We developed the Patient blood vessel simulator "EVE (Endo Vascular Educator)" as challenging the frontier of the surgical simulation since 1989 This simulator is fabricated and assembled based on the micro‐fabrication technologies of rapid prototyping technique [9] .

Recently, we have interests to realize the "In vitro" realization of "In vivo" environment For the purpose, it is needed to understand our biological system in detail The investigation approach using micro/nano devices can measure and control inside "In vivo" biological system Moreover, "In vitro" constructions and measurements of biological system can reveal it clearly in single/multiple cell It is quite important for the significant improvement of regeneration engineering/biology, inducing the evaluation of clinical condition of blood vessel We have been worked blood vessel simulator and surgical operation system to improve and integrate for the "In vivo" realization Based on the EVE system, we are trying to develop novel type of surgical simulation system with the "In vitro" realization of "In vivo" environment The human cells can be used to construct as blood vessel or other organs including diseases by 3D cell assembly technique The surgical simulator can be integrated with micro‐nano sensors and

devices to evaluate the surgical operations and other applications such as drug delivery system.

basic fields, Nano control engineering, Nano measurement engineering, Nano design and manufacturing, and Nano materials science and conduct an applied research encompassing all these basic research fields to attend to the needs of the advanced medical engineering.

Research and Technology on Micro-Nano Mechatronics 7

Our center implements a strategy to realize applications of micro‐nano mechatronics, which are based on mechanical engineering or materials science, control systems engineering, and advanced medical engineering As shown in Figure 6, by establishing joint research and international collaborations between the above research fields, we are creating the most advanced micro‐nano mechatronics and train researchers who can comprehend industrial circles and social issues using an open cluster system as well as conduct research to solve problems spanning these four basic fields In particular, we will initially focus on tasks in the bio‐ or medical welfare technologies using a number of unexploited fields, which may consequently produce venture enterprises Some research results are figured as shown in Figure 7 in the four basic research fields Detail information or more recentresults will be given

by the following chapters in this book.

**Figure 6.** Milestone of Micro-Nano mechatronics research fields
