**Meet the editors**

Prof. Francesco Signorelli is an Italian board certified neurosurgeon. He was trained in neurosurgery at the University Hospital of Naples, Italy. He was fellow in neurosurgery in London and Southampton, UK, and fellow in vascular neurosurgery and skull base neurosurgery at the Notre Dame Hospital of the University of Montreal, Canada. In 2007 he was appointed associate professor of neurosurgery at the

University Hospital of Catanzaro, Italy. He has recently rejoined the staff of the neurosurgical and neurovascular department at the "P. Wertheimer" Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery in Lyon, France, where he is also involved in teaching medical students and trainees in neurosurgery and neuroradiology. His surgical practice has canvassed the spectrum of neurosurgery, together with his scientific activity, with over 50 articles in peer-reviewed journals, and several book chapters and review articles. He is member of national and international neurosurgical associations and of the "Association pour le Développement Médical au Vietnam", a French humanitarian association. His current major interests are vascular neurosurgery and brain tumors in eloquent areas. Surgical and endovascular treatment of brain vascular malformations is a significant portion of his practice.

Domenico Chirchiglia Researcher in scientific-disciplinary sector Neurosurgery. Aggregate Professor of Neurosurgery at " Magna Graecia " University of Catanzaro ( Italy ). Specialist in Clinical Neurophysiology. Carries out welfare activities such as medical Manager, who help, at the Operative Unit of Neurosurgery, inter alia the outpatient activities, clinical and neurophysiologic diagnostic on clinical electro-

encephalography and electromyography.The research focuses on the lines of neurosurgical disorders, in particular about the functional aspect as the neurostimulation, the application of diagnostic tests in the central and peripheral pathologies of the nervous system, with help of pre-and intraoperative monitoring, surgical treatment of epilepsy and extrapyramidal diseases, headaches and study of Craniofacial pain. He completed stages in Italy and abroad, in particular in Lyon, Pierre Wertheimer Hospital, in 1999, where he worked on direct cortical stimulation in awake surgery. Also in 1999 he was member of the scientific secretariat of the National Congress of Italian Society of Neurosurgery, held in Catanzaro ( Italy ) In 2003 he obtained in Perugia the Board of Qualification on Stroke, with preparatory claim to functions of coordination of stroke unit. Author-coauthor of over one hundred publications on national and international journals and speaker at conferences. Member of LICE (the Italian League against epilepsy) and Calabrian Episcreen project coordinator-National Observatory on epilepsy, in 1996. Carries out educational activities at the Catanzaro University, Degree courses of the School of Medicine and Surgery.

Contents

**Preface IX**

Ribeiro

**Section 1 Functional Neuroimaging of Attention, Sensorimotor**

Chapter 2 **A High Performance MEG Based BCI Using Single Trial Detection of Human Movement Intention 17**

Mitsuru Kashiwagi and Hiroshi Tamai

Chapter 4 **Shared Neural Correlates for Speech and Gesture 61** Meghan L. Healey and Allen R. Braun

Todd L. Richards and Virginia W. Berninger

Chapter 3 **Brain Mapping of Developmental Coordination Disorder 37**

Chapter 5 **Brain Mapping of Language Processing Using Functional MRI Connectivity and Diffusion Tensor Imaging 77**

Chapter 6 **Pre-Attentive Processing of Mandarin Tone and Intonation: Evidence from Event-Related Potentials 95** Gui-Qin Ren, Yi-Yuan Tang, Xiao-Qing Li and Xue Sui

Chapter 7 **Exploring the Effect of Verbal Emotional Words Through**

Andrés Antonio González-Garrido, Fabiola Reveca Gómez-

**Event-Related Brain Potentials 109**

Velázquez and Julieta Ramos-Loyo

Bruna Velasques, Mauricio Cagy, Roberto Piedade and Pedro

Peter T. Lin, Kartikeya Sharma, Tom Holroyd, Harsha Battapady,

**Integration and Speech 1**

Ding-Yu Fei and Ou Bai

Chapter 1 **Sensorimotor Integration and Attention: An Electrophysiological Analysis 3**

## Contents

### **Preface XII**


Chapter 7 **Exploring the Effect of Verbal Emotional Words Through Event-Related Brain Potentials 109** Andrés Antonio González-Garrido, Fabiola Reveca Gómez-Velázquez and Julieta Ramos-Loyo

#### **X** Contents


**Section 3 Experimental and Clinical Applications of Functional**

Chapter 17 **Surgical Resection of Tumors Infiltrating Left Insula and**

**Implemented by Intraoperative Functional**

Giuseppe Barbagallo and Jacques Guyotat

Chapter 19 **Causal Relationships and Network Parameters in Effective**

Chapter 20 **Neuroimaging of Epilepsy: EEG-fMRI in the Presurgical**

Mirko Avesani, Silvia Giacopuzzi and Antonio Fiaschi

Chapter 21 **Brain Function in Fibromyalgia: Altered Pain Processing and**

Chapter 22 **FDG- PET Imaging in Neurodegenerative Brain Diseases 463**

Teodora-Adriana Perles-Barbacaru and Hana Lahrech

Virginia Guerra and Francisco Gómez-Esquer

L. K. Teune, A. L. Bartels and K. L. Leenders

Chapter 23 **Quantitative Mapping of Angiogenesis by Magnetic**

Chapter 18 **Optimized Signal Separation for 3D-Polarized**

**Perisylvian Opercula — Utility of Anatomic Landmarks**

Contents **VII**

Francesco Signorelli, Domenico Chirchiglia, Rodolfo Maduri,

Jürgen Dammers, Lukas Breuer, Giuseppe Tabbì and Markus Axer

Guiomar Niso, Ernesto Pereda, Fernando Maestú, María Gudín, Sira

Francisco Mercado, Paloma Barjola, Marisa Fernández-Sánchez,

**Neuroimaging 343**

**Brain Mapping 345**

**Light Imaging 355**

**Brain Connectivity 375**

Carrasco and Francisco del-Pozo

**Evaluation of Focal Epilepsy 393**

**Cognitive Dysfunction 431**

**Resonance Imaging 477**

Chapter 16 **Mental Function and Obesity 301** Nobuko Yamada-Goto, Goro Katsuura and Kazuwa Nakao **Section 3 Experimental and Clinical Applications of Functional Neuroimaging 343**

**Section 2 Functional Neuroimaging in Vision, Mood and Cognition 133**

Chapter 8 **Genetic Marker Mice and Their Use in Understanding Learning**

Mark Murphy, Yvette M. Wilson and Christopher Butler

Chapter 9 **Attractor Hypothesis of Associative Cortex: Insights from a Biophysically Detailed Network Model 155** Mikael Lundqvist, Pawel Herman and Anders Lansner

Chapter 10 **Multi-Scale Information, Network, Causality, and Dynamics:**

**Cognitive Neuroscience and Aging 181**

Chapter 11 **The Crossmodal Influence of Odor Hedonics on Facial**

Chapter 12 **Seeing with Two Eyes: Integration of Binocular Retinal**

Soares, Mario Fiorani and Ricardo Gattass

**Mood and Anxiety Disorders 279**

Chapter 16 **Mental Function and Obesity 301**

Tenelle A. Wilks, Alan R. Harvey and Jennifer Rodger

Chapter 13 **The Role of Cortical Feedback Circuitry on Functional Maps of**

Chapter 14 **Ceasing Thoughts and Brain Activity: MEG Data Analysis 267**

Chapter 15 **Brain Imaging and the Prediction of Treatment Outcomes in**

**V2 in Primates: Effects on Orientation Tuning and Direction**

Ana Karla Jansen-Amorim, Cecilia Ceriatte, Bruss Lima, Juliana

Takaaki Aoki, Michiyo Inagawa, Kazuo Nishimura and Yoshikazu

Leah M. Jappe, Bonnie Klimes-Dougan and Kathryn R. Cullen

Nobuko Yamada-Goto, Goro Katsuura and Kazuwa Nakao

**Projections in the Brain 227**

**Mathematical Computation and Bayesian Inference to**

**Attractiveness: Behavioural and fMRI Measures 209** Francis McGlone, Robert A. Österbauer, Luisa M. Demattè and

**and Memory 135**

**VI** Contents

Michelle Yongmei Wang

Charles Spence

**Selectivity 251**

Tobinaga


Teodora-Adriana Perles-Barbacaru and Hana Lahrech

Preface

impairment or loss.

Brain mapping is nowadays a well established field of functional neuroscience that has a high clinical impact, sustained by incessant advancements of basic and clinical research.

The world-class group of neuroscientists gathered together to elaborate this book has done a skillful job: apart from delineating their area of expertise they managed to give the reader an accurate hint about what are the current implications of brain mapping both in research and clinic. Ideal for researchers and clinicians involved in functional neurosciences, this book is a valuable reading for anyone, student, resident or seasoned specialist, seeking to keep up to

By dividing the book in three chapters we intended to give the reader an inkling of the main topics studied, namely sensorimotor integration, speech, vision, mood and cognition, as well as the central research and clinical applications of brain mapping. These are the step‐ ping stones from which further developments will arise and contribute to improve our un‐ derstanding of brain function and our capacity to enhance, preserve and restore it in case of

**Prof. Francesco Signorelli**

Consultant Neurosurgeon

**Prof. Domenico Chirchiglia**

Associate Professor of Neurosurgery

University "Magna Græcia", Catanzaro, Italy

Department of Neurosurgery, Lyon, France

University "Magna Græcia", Catanzaro, Italy

Aggregate Professor of Neurosurgery

Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Neurologique et Neurochirurgical,

date with the latest developments in functional brain mapping.

## Preface

Brain mapping is nowadays a well established field of functional neuroscience that has a high clinical impact, sustained by incessant advancements of basic and clinical research.

The world-class group of neuroscientists gathered together to elaborate this book has done a skillful job: apart from delineating their area of expertise they managed to give the reader an accurate hint about what are the current implications of brain mapping both in research and clinic. Ideal for researchers and clinicians involved in functional neurosciences, this book is a valuable reading for anyone, student, resident or seasoned specialist, seeking to keep up to date with the latest developments in functional brain mapping.

By dividing the book in three chapters we intended to give the reader an inkling of the main topics studied, namely sensorimotor integration, speech, vision, mood and cognition, as well as the central research and clinical applications of brain mapping. These are the step‐ ping stones from which further developments will arise and contribute to improve our un‐ derstanding of brain function and our capacity to enhance, preserve and restore it in case of impairment or loss.

#### **Prof. Francesco Signorelli**

Associate Professor of Neurosurgery University "Magna Græcia", Catanzaro, Italy Consultant Neurosurgeon Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Neurologique et Neurochirurgical, Department of Neurosurgery, Lyon, France

#### **Prof. Domenico Chirchiglia**

Aggregate Professor of Neurosurgery University "Magna Græcia", Catanzaro, Italy

**Section 1**

**Functional Neuroimaging of Attention,**

**Sensorimotor Integration and Speech**

**Functional Neuroimaging of Attention, Sensorimotor Integration and Speech**

**Chapter 1**

**Sensorimotor Integration and Attention: An**

Selective attention is fundamental for the information processing. The perceptive system receives different external and internal stimuli at all times and our organism needs to be capable to perceive environmental stimuli, in order to discriminate the difference among these stimuli and, thus, archive relevant information in the brain. In such manner, the attention

In the last decades, researchers in sensorimotor integration have been concerned in establish‐ ing the relevant and fundamental elements that better explain the relation among individual, task and environment in the motor action production. The maintenance of movement stability is the main goal of the central nervous system (CNS) in dealing with visual stimuli. In the CNS, the sensorimotor integration is subdivided into three different levels: the most inferior level, considered the first stage, is the spinal cord; the second level regards several subcortical areas, such as reticular formation, vestibular nuclei, superior colliculus, cerebellum and basal ganglia. These areas receive information from the spinal cord and assist in the postural stability control; the last stage, considered the superior level, is associated with the cerebral cortex and is responsible for movement refinement and gesture diversification. The main objective of the present chapter is to investigate and to present the findings that point to a relation between the attention and sensorimotor integration, highlighting the participating electrophysiology

Hence, the present chapter will describe some cortical structures and the electrophysiological processes that occur during the sensorimotor integration, focusing on the role of attention. Moreover, this chapter will analyze the recent findings in sensorimotor integration highlight‐

and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

© 2013 Velasques et al.; licensee InTech. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

© 2013 The Author(s). Licensee InTech. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution,

process becomes a determinant mechanism in the sensorimotor integration.

**Electrophysiological Analysis**

Additional information is available at the end of the chapter

Bruna Velasques, Mauricio Cagy, Roberto Piedade and Pedro Ribeiro

http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/55199

**1. Introduction**

and the cortical areas.

### **Chapter 1**
