**4. Conclusion**

Based on current data, there is sufficient evidence to suggest that diabetes, peripheral arteri‐ al disease, CKD, on-pump CABG, increased aortic cross clamp and cardiopulmonary bypass duration, lack of use of IMA graft are strongly associated with poor in hospital, short term and long term outcomes after CABG. Rigorous modification of these risk factors to the maxi‐ mum possible extent preoperatively can result in further improvement of surgical outcomes following CABG.
