**4.1.3 Summary**

The PES hollow fiber hemodialysis membrane could effectively remove water and waste products, not only small molecular weight solute such as urea and creatinine, but also "middle" molecular solute as 2-microglobulin. Slight neutropenia and platelet adhesion were observed at the initial stage of the hemodialysis and no significant differences were found in electrolyte, blood gas and blood biochemistry before and after the treatment. The results also suggested that the PES membrane hemodialyzer could be used for clinical application.
