**1.1.2 Arteriovenous graft**

Arteriovenous grafts (made from polytetrafluoroethylene, a synthetic fluoropolymer of tetrafluoroethylene) are advantageous because of short maturation time and relative ease to cannulation compared to AVFs 12,17-19. Until recently, AVGs were the most common access used in hemodialysis patients in the Unites States 20. However, the main disadvantages of AVGs are development of recurrent venous stenosis, requiring frequent interventions to maintain patency, and graft infection 19,21-24.
