**Miscellaneous**

Aerts JG, Van Maele G, van Meerbeeck JP. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2008 Mar

[55] HIF1a expression in bronchial biopsies correlates with tumor microvascular satura‐ tion determined using optical spectroscopy. Aerts JG, Amelink A, van der Leest C, Hegmans JP, Hemmes A, den Hamer B, Sterenborg HC, Hoogsteden HC, Lambrecht

[56] Optical spectroscopy for the classification of malignant lesions of the bronchial tree. Bard MP, Amelink A, Skurichina M, Noordhoek Hegt V, Duin RP, Sterenborg HJ,

[57] Measurement of hypoxia-related parameters in bronchial mucosa by use of optical spectroscopy. Bard MP, Amelink A, Hegt VN, Graveland WJ, Sterenborg HJ, Hoog‐ steden HC, Aerts JG. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2005 May 15;171(10):1178-84. [58] Improving the specificity of fluorescence bronchoscopy for the analysis of neoplastic lesions of the bronchial tree by combination with optical spectroscopy: preliminary

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communication.

41-7.

266 Endoscopy

**Chapter 12**

**Innovative Uses and**

http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/52552

**1. Introduction**

large teaching hospitals.

properly cited.

**in Endoscopy**

**Emerging Technologies**

J. Van Den Bogaerde and D. Sorrentino

Additional information is available at the end of the chapter

Endoscopy is a fast moving field, and new techniques are constantly emerging. In recent decades, gastrointestinal endoscopy has evolved and branched out from a visual diagnostic modality, using fibreoptic bundles, to enhanced video and computer assisted imaging, with impressive interventional capabilities. Some new endoscopic techniques will be too complex or expensive to make the leap into general gastroenterology practice, others already show major progress in the management of digestive diseases. In this chapter we will discuss some of the emerging techniques and technologies used to increase the diagnostic yield in the colon and small intestine including third eye retroscopes, colon capsule endoscopy, bal‐ loon and spiral enteroscopy and confocal laser endomicroscopy. We will also discuss over the scope clip (OTSC) devices, a relatively simple and inexpensive tool potentially capable of closing noninvasively intestinal perforations and allowing the removal of infiltrating tu‐ mors. Experimental modalities such as natural orifice translumenal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) will also be discussed, with emphasis on their future clinical use. We will also fo‐ cus on endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS), which has moved from an experimental techni‐ que to a valuable established diagnostic modality which not only competes with modern imaging modalities such as MRI, but is also particularly useful in the interventional setting especially in pancreatic and hepatobiliary pathology. We will also discuss the importance of training endoscopists in the use of these new techniques and we will offer some speculation on which of them may become really useful in routine patient care or remain restricted to

> © 2013 Van Den Bogaerde and Sorrentino; licensee InTech. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is

© 2013 The Author(s). Licensee InTech. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution,

and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

**Chapter 12**
