**Author details**

Jerzy Baron1 , Beata Kowarska2 and Witold Żukowski1\*

\*Address all correspondence to: pczukows@pk.edu.pl

1 Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Cra‐ cow, Poland

2 Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Cracow University of Technology, Cracow, Poland

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yCO, yCO2, yVOCs, yO2 - molar fractions of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, volatile organic

1 Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Cra‐

2 Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Cracow University of Technology, Cracow, Poland

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**Chapter 9**

**Combustion of Municipal Solid Waste for Power**

Modern societies create more and more waste per capita and we, even personally, are all a part of this process. For most of the people the "management" and the "problem" of waste ends

In waste management we must adhere to a hierarchy that puts focus on reducing the quantities, then re-use and recycling. Only then the energy utilization comes, followed by disposal.[9]

The average MSW in developed countries has a calorific value between 8 and 12 MJ/kg. Based on this property the MSW can be compared with the fresh wood or lignite, which is low grade coal. The amount of waste generated is still slightly rising over the years with some fluctua‐ tions, due to general economy reasons (at the time of writing – recession) and technical measures in waste management in recent years. The amount of deposited MSW at landfills is getting lower in recent year despite the rise of total generated MSW due to better separate

Developing countries in general produce more wet waste with lower calorific value but if dried it can easily reach above calorific values. The improvement of waste collection and treatment

Data on waste quantity, composition and treatment streams can be found at local statistical offices data bases or on global level from regional (like European Union) or international organizations (United Nations or World Bank). Very good data on waste that is updated and comparable between continents and nations can be found for instance in World Bank publi‐ cations [6]. This data shows the average global waste generation per capita by regions from 0.45 to 2.2 kg/capita/day. Similar data can also be found in United Nations data base [16].

> © 2013 Kokalj and Samec; licensee InTech. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

> © 2013 Kokalj and Samec; licensee InTech. This is a paper distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

**Production**

**1. Introduction**

Filip Kokalj and Niko Samec

http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/55497

Additional information is available at the end of the chapter

when municipal solid waste (MSW) is placed in a container.

collection and treatment technologies utilized.

in those countries is slow and mostly not integrated.
