**3.4. Others**

Cell Volume (PCV) consequent to tumor inoculation with in fourteen days after the trans‐

Khan and coworkers [24] used disc diffusion methods to test antibacterial activity of the ethanol extract of *Barringtonia racemosa* roots, its chloroform soluble fraction, and a there from an isolated clerodane diterpenoid (Nasimalun A). The results presented that they all showed potent activity in inhibiting the growth of 19 strains of bacterial with the ethanol extract as the most activity part. A marble cup method was used by Goyal [25] to test the antimicrobial activities of the crude methanolic extract of *Barringtonia asiatica* (leaves, fruits, seeds, stem and root barks) and the fractions (petrol, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and butanol) and all the extract exhibited a very good level of broad spectrum antibacterial activity. Baswa [26] evaluated the antibacterial activity of *Pongamia pinnata* seed oil *in vitro* against fourteen strains of pathogenic bacteria. Using the tube dilution technique, it was observed that 57.14 and 21.42% of the pathogens were inhibited at 500 µl/ml, 14.28 and 71.42% at 125 µl/ml, and 28.57 and 7.14% at 250 µl/ml of *Pongamia pinnata* oils. The activity with both the oils was bactericidal and independent of temperature and energy. Most of the pathogens were killed more rapidly at 4°C than 37°C. The activity was mainly due to the inhibition of cell-membrane synthesis in the

Srinivasan and coworkers studied the anti-inflammatory activity of 70% ethanolic extract of *Pongamia pinnata* leaves (PLE)inacute, subacute andchronicmodelsofinflammationinrats.*Per os*(p.o.)administrationofPLE(300,1000mg/kg)exhibitedsignificantanti-inflammatoryactivity inacute(carrageenin,histamine,5-hydroxytryptamineandprostaglandinE2-inducedhindpaw edema), subcute (kaolin-carrageeninandformaldehyde-inducedhindpawedema) andchronic (cotton pellet granuloma) models of inflammation. These results indicate that PLE possesses significant anti-inflammatory activity without ulcerogenic activity suggesting its potential as an anti-inflammatory agent for use in the treatment of various inflammatory diseases. The antinociceptive activity of a 70% ethanol extract of *Pongamia pinnata* leaves (PLE) was also investigated by Srinivasan [28] in different models of pain in mice and rats. Per os (p.o.) adminis‐ trationofthePLE(100-1000mg/kg)producedsignificant antinociceptive activityinthehotplate and tail flick (central) as well as in acetic acid writhing and Randall-Selitto (peripheral) nocicep‐ tivetests.Narender[29]evaluatedtheantinociceptiveandanti-inflammatoryactivitiesofdifferent extracts of *Hibiscus tiliaceus* (Malvaceae). The antinociceptive investigations were carried out against two types of noxious stimuli, chemical (acetic acid-induced writhing) and thermal (hotplate andtail immersion tests).Thedifferentleaves extracts of*Hibiscustiliaceus*(250 and500 mg/kg, orally) possessed a significant anti-inflammatory activity on carragennan-induced paw edema in rat at the second and third hour. All the extracts significantly inhibited the acetic acid induced abdominal contractions in mice in order methanolic>chloroform>petroleum ether extract. The extracts showed the significant antinociceptive activity at dose of 250 mg/kg and

plantation.

206 Column Chromatography

bacteria.

**3.3. Anti–inflammatory analgesic activity**

500 mg/kg (p<0.01) at 60 min after extracts administration.

**3.2. Antibacterial activity**

Chakraborty reported the bark, seeds of *Barringtonia acutangula* could be used as a fish poison. Pongamia pinnata was evaluated by Elanchezhiya [31] for antiviral properties against herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) and type-2 (HSV-2) by *in vitro* studies in Vero cells. A crude aqueous seed extract of *P. pinnata* completely inhibited the growth of HSV-1 and HSV-2 at concentrations of 1 and 20 mg/ml (w/v), respectively.
