**7. Conclusion**

*P. aeruginosa* is a nosocomial pathogen of particular clinical concern not only because of its extraordinary resistance mechanisms armamentarium but also for its formidable ability to adapt very well to the hospital environment. There are important challenges in the treatment of MDR *P. aeruginosa* strains and their isolation in healthcare settings poses serious infection control issues. For these reasons, the prudent use of antibiotics, mainly those used as last resort treatment like carbapenems is of outmost importance in order to prevent evolutionary pressure that may lead to the emergence of highly resistant clones.
