**5. Conclusions**

We investigated the relationship between 123I-MIBG findings and mode of death in patients with chronic heart failure. Sudden cardiac death in heart failure patients is closely associated with cardiac sympathetic nervous activity assessed by 123I-MIBG scintigraphy. Our data, thus, confirm that increased sympathetic tone in the myocardium play a harmful role on the progression of life-threatening ventricular tachyarrhythmias. Assessment of cardiac sympa‐ thetic nervous activity using 123I-MIBG may be helpful for the candidate selection of ICD in heart failure patients without sustained ventricular tachycardia.

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